Blume-Peytavi Ulrike, Hauser Matthias, Stamatas Georgios N, Pathirana Delano, Garcia Bartels Natalie
Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2012 Jan-Feb;29(1):1-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2011.01594.x. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
In recent years, there have been continuing efforts to understand the effects of baby skin care routines and products on the healthy development of baby skin. Such efforts aim ultimately to determine the best infant skin care practices. The pediatric and dermatologic communities have not reached consensus on what constitutes an appropriate cleansing practice. In the United States, guidelines for neonatal skin care have been developed, propagated, and implemented. The accumulated knowledge has promoted evidence-based clinical practices and, therefore, may help to improve clinical outcomes, although these guidelines primarily cover the care of preterm newborns and the treatment of those with other health problems. High-level, long-term clinical evidence of the effective and safe cleansing of healthy, full-term newborns and infants is scarce. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature on baby skin development, cleansing practices, and related products (for healthy newborns and babies) since 1970. The evidence drawn from the reviewed literature can be summarized as follows: Bathing immersed in water seems generally superior to washing alone. Bathing or washing with synthetic detergents (syndets) or mild liquid baby cleansers seems comparable with or even superior to water alone. Nevertheless, larger randomized clinical trials with age-defined cohorts of babies as well as more-defined parameters are required to identify optimal practices and products for skin cleansing of healthy infants. These parameters may include standardized skin function parameters such as transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration, skin surface pH, and sebum production. Clinical skin scores such as the Neonatal Skin Condition Score may be employed as outcome measures.
近年来，人们一直在不断努力了解婴儿皮肤护理程序和产品对婴儿皮肤健康发育的影响。这些努力最终旨在确定最佳的婴儿皮肤护理方法。儿科和皮肤科领域尚未就什么是合适的清洁方法达成共识。在美国，已经制定、推广并实施了新生儿皮肤护理指南。积累的知识促进了循证临床实践，因此可能有助于改善临床结果，尽管这些指南主要涵盖早产儿护理以及有其他健康问题婴儿的治疗。关于健康足月儿和婴儿有效且安全清洁的高水平、长期临床证据匮乏。本综述对1970年以来有关婴儿皮肤发育、清洁方法及相关产品（针对健康新生儿和婴儿）的科学文献进行了全面分析。从所综述文献中得出的证据可总结如下：浸入水中洗澡总体上似乎优于单纯清洗。用合成洗涤剂（合成表面活性剂）或温和的婴儿液体清洁剂洗澡或清洗似乎与仅用水清洗相当甚至更优。然而，需要针对不同年龄组婴儿开展更大规模的随机临床试验以及更明确的参数，以确定健康婴儿皮肤清洁的最佳方法和产品。这些参数可能包括标准化的皮肤功能参数，如经表皮水分流失、角质层水合作用、皮肤表面pH值和皮脂分泌。临床皮肤评分，如新生儿皮肤状况评分，可用作结果指标。
