UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2012 May-Jun;3(3):385-96. doi: 10.1002/wrna.116. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Pre-mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation is an essential step for 3' end formation of almost all protein-coding transcripts in eukaryotes. The reaction, involving cleavage of nascent mRNA followed by addition of a polyadenylate or poly(A) tail, is controlled by cis-acting elements in the pre-mRNA surrounding the cleavage site. Experimental and bioinformatic studies in the past three decades have elucidated conserved and divergent elements across eukaryotes, from yeast to human. Here we review histories and current models of these elements in a broad range of species.
前体 mRNA 的剪接和多聚腺苷酸化是真核生物中几乎所有编码蛋白质的转录本 3' 端形成的一个必要步骤。该反应涉及新生 mRNA 的切割，随后在切割位点周围的前体 mRNA 中的顺式作用元件的控制下添加聚腺苷酸或多（A）尾。在过去的三十年中，通过实验和生物信息学研究，已经阐明了从酵母到人等真核生物中保守和不同的元件。在这里，我们在广泛的物种范围内回顾了这些元件的历史和当前模型。
