Lancaster Carly L, Moberg Kenneth H, Corbett Anita H
Department of Biology, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2025 Mar-Apr;16(2):e70007. doi: 10.1002/wrna.70007.
In recent years, there has been a growing appreciation for how regulatory events that occur either co- or post-transcriptionally contribute to the control of gene expression. Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are extensively regulated throughout their metabolism in a precise spatiotemporal manner that requires sophisticated molecular mechanisms for cell-type-specific gene expression, which dictates cell function. Moreover, dysfunction at any of these steps can result in a variety of human diseases, including cancers, muscular atrophies, and neurological diseases. This review summarizes the steps of the central dogma of molecular biology, focusing on the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.
近年来，人们越来越认识到转录过程中或转录后发生的调控事件是如何有助于控制基因表达的。信使核糖核酸（mRNA）在其整个代谢过程中受到广泛而精确的时空调控，这需要复杂的分子机制来实现细胞类型特异性的基因表达，而这种表达决定了细胞的功能。此外，这些步骤中任何一个环节出现功能障碍都可能导致多种人类疾病，包括癌症、肌肉萎缩和神经疾病。本综述总结了分子生物学中心法则的各个步骤，重点关注基因表达的转录后调控。
