Christchurch Health and Development Study, Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, New Zealand.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012 Apr 1;122(1-2):135-41. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.09.023. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
This study examined the associations between measures of alcohol abuse/dependence (AAD) and violent offending and intimate partner violence (IPV) to age 30 in a New Zealand birth cohort.
Outcomes included: measures of violent offending, violence victimization, and physical IPV perpetration and victimization. The study also used measures of AAD symptoms; and time-dynamic covariate factors including life stress, other substance use, mental health status, peer and partner substance use and offending, and unemployment. Data were analysed using conditional fixed effects regression modelling augmented by time-dynamic covariate factors to control for confounding.
Those with five or more AAD symptoms had unadjusted rates of violence outcomes that ranged from 4.10 to 11.85 times higher than those with no symptoms, but these associations did not differ by gender. Adjustment of the associations for both unobserved fixed effects and time-dynamic covariate factors reduced the magnitude of the associations for violent offending, violence victimization and IPV perpetration, with those with five or more AAD symptoms having rates of violence outcomes that were 1.91-3.58 times higher than those with no symptoms. However, control for both fixed effects and time-dynamic covariate factors reduced the associations between AAD symptoms and physical IPV victimization to statistical non-significance (IRR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.51-1.06).
The results suggest a causal association between alcohol misuse and violent offending/victimization and IPV perpetration, with estimates suggesting that alcohol use disorder accounted for approximately 4.6-9.3% of the reported violent offending/victimization and IPV perpetration in the cohort.
本研究在新西兰出生队列中，调查了酒精滥用/依赖（AAD）与暴力犯罪和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的关联。
研究结果包括暴力犯罪、暴力受害和身体 IPV 实施和受害的测量。该研究还使用了 AAD 症状的测量方法；以及时间动态协变量因素，包括生活压力、其他物质使用、心理健康状况、同伴和伴侣物质使用和犯罪、以及失业。使用条件固定效应回归模型分析数据，并通过时间动态协变量因素进行扩充，以控制混杂因素。
有五个或更多 AAD 症状的人未经调整的暴力结果发生率比没有症状的人高 4.10 至 11.85 倍，但这些关联在性别上没有差异。调整非观察性固定效应和时间动态协变量因素后的关联，减少了暴力犯罪、暴力受害和 IPV 实施的关联程度，有五个或更多 AAD 症状的人暴力结果发生率比没有症状的人高 1.91-3.58 倍。然而，同时控制固定效应和时间动态协变量因素，使 AAD 症状与身体 IPV 受害之间的关联降至统计上无显著意义（IRR=0.73，95%CI：0.51-1.06）。
结果表明，酒精滥用与暴力犯罪/受害和 IPV 实施之间存在因果关联，估计表明，酒精使用障碍占该队列中报告的暴力犯罪/受害和 IPV 实施的约 4.6-9.3%。
