Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2011 Dec;30(3-4):295-309. doi: 10.1007/s10555-011-9299-7.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) play important roles in the normal physiology and in pathological states including inflammation and cancer. While much is known about the biosynthesis and biological activities of eicosanoids derived from ω6 PUFA, our understanding of the corresponding ω3 series lipid mediators is still rudimentary. The purpose of this review is not to offer a comprehensive summary of the literature on fatty acids in prostate cancer but rather to highlight some of the areas where key questions remain to be addressed. These include substrate preference and polymorphic variants of enzymes involved in the metabolism of PUFA, the relationship between de novo lipid synthesis and dietary lipid metabolism pathways, the contribution of cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases as well as terminal synthases and prostanoid receptors in prostate cancer, and the potential role of PUFA in angiogenesis and cell surface receptor signaling.
多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）在正常生理和包括炎症和癌症在内的病理状态中发挥重要作用。虽然人们对源自 ω6 PUFA 的类二十烷酸的生物合成和生物学活性有了很多了解，但我们对相应的 ω3 系列脂质介质的了解仍处于起步阶段。本文的目的不是对前列腺癌中脂肪酸文献进行全面总结，而是要强调一些仍需要解决的关键问题领域。这些问题包括参与 PUFA 代谢的酶的底物偏好和多态变体、从头脂质合成与饮食脂质代谢途径之间的关系、前列腺癌中环氧化酶和脂氧化酶以及末端合酶和前列腺素受体的作用，以及 PUFA 在血管生成和细胞表面受体信号转导中的潜在作用。
