Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Front Microbiol. 2011 Oct 12;2:209. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00209. eCollection 2011.
Microbially mediated bioremediation of polluted sites has been a subject of much research over the past 30 years, with many different compounds shown to be degraded under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Aerobic-mediated bioremediation commonly examines the use of methanotrophs, microorganisms that consume methane as their sole source of carbon and energy. Given the diverse environments in which methanotrophs have been found, the range of substrates they can degrade and the fact that they can be easily stimulated with the provision of methane and oxygen, these microorganisms in particular have been examined for aerobic degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. The physiological and phylogenetic diversity of methanotrophy, however, has increased substantially in just the past 5 years. Here in this review, the current state of knowledge of methanotrophy, particularly as it applies to pollutant degradation is summarized, and suggestions for future research provided.
在过去的 30 年中，微生物介导的污染场地生物修复一直是许多研究的主题，许多不同的化合物在有氧和无氧条件下都被证明可以降解。好氧介导的生物修复通常研究利用甲烷营养菌，这些微生物以甲烷作为其唯一的碳源和能源来消耗甲烷。鉴于甲烷营养菌已经在各种环境中被发现，它们可以降解的基质范围很广，而且它们可以很容易地通过提供甲烷和氧气来刺激，因此这些微生物特别被用于研究有氧条件下氯化烃的降解。然而，仅仅在过去 5 年中，甲烷营养的生理和系统发育多样性就有了显著的增加。在这篇综述中，总结了甲烷营养的最新知识状况，特别是它在污染物降解方面的应用，并为未来的研究提供了建议。
