College of Education, Educational Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-3600, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2011 Nov;49(5):532-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.04.009. Epub 2011 May 28.
This study used prospective data to investigate the validity of a retrospective measure of suicide attempts from four different perspectives.
Data were retrieved from 883 participants in the Raising Healthy Children project, a longitudinal study of youth recruited from a Pacific Northwest school district. The retrospective measure was collected when participants were 18-19 years of age and results were compared with measures of depressive symptoms collected prospectively.
Results showed strong corroboration between retrospective reports of first suicide attempt and prospective measures of depression, with attempters experiencing significantly more depression than their nonattempting peers, t (df = 853) = 10.26, p < .001. In addition, within the attempter group, depression scores during the year of their reported first attempt were significantly higher than the average depression score across previous years, t (df = 67) = 3.01, p < .01.
Results from this study suggest that the reports of older adolescents regarding their suicide attempts are corroborated by their prospective reports of depression in childhood and earlier adolescence. Thus, there is support that retrospective measures of suicidal behavior, namely suicide attempts, may be a valid method of assessment.
本研究使用前瞻性数据从四个不同角度探讨了自杀尝试的回顾性测量的有效性。
从西北太平洋地区学区招募的青少年参加的“培养健康儿童”项目中的 883 名参与者中提取数据。回顾性测量是在参与者 18-19 岁时收集的，结果与前瞻性收集的抑郁症状测量结果进行了比较。
结果表明，首次自杀尝试的回顾性报告与前瞻性抑郁测量之间存在很强的一致性，尝试者比未尝试者经历了更多的抑郁，t（df = 853）= 10.26，p <.001。此外，在尝试者组中，报告的首次尝试当年的抑郁评分明显高于前几年的平均抑郁评分，t（df = 67）= 3.01，p <.01。
本研究的结果表明，年长青少年对自杀尝试的报告与他们在儿童期和更早的青春期对抑郁的前瞻性报告相吻合。因此，有证据表明，自杀行为的回顾性测量（即自杀尝试）可能是一种有效的评估方法。
