Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
Int J Psychol. 2009 Apr;44(2):129-37. doi: 10.1080/00207590701607930.
From a proactive agentic perspective, social support is not just seen as a protective cushion against environmental demands. Rather, support may facilitate an individual's self-regulation by enhancing perceived self-efficacy (i.e., enabling hypothesis). In the present study, patient-reported indicators of mobilized and received spousal support as predictors of their own and their spouses' self-efficacy beliefs were investigated within 1 year following radical prostatectomy. During this time frame, postoperative sequelae such as urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunctions are still likely to interfere with couples' everyday activities. Seventy-two patients receiving radical prostatectomy and their spouses participated. Patients' and spouses' self-efficacy beliefs and patients' received and mobilized spousal support were assessed prior to and 12 months following surgery. Additional patient-reported covariates at 1 year post-surgery were degree of bother by urinary incontinence, overall sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction. Results indicated that patients' received spousal support was associated with higher levels of patients' self-efficacy only cross-sectionally, but not longitudinally. Support mobilized by the patient prior to and 1 year after surgery, however, positively predicted spouses' levels and changes in self-efficacy. Results, thus, did not fully confirm predictions by the enabling hypothesis of social support; rather, associated aspects, such as the degree of being mobilized as a provider of support or being needed, seem to enhance agency beliefs in spouses.
从积极主动的主体视角来看，社会支持不仅仅被视为应对环境需求的保护垫。相反，支持可以通过增强感知到的自我效能感（即假设的实现）来促进个体的自我调节。在本研究中，我们调查了配偶支持的动员和接受情况作为配偶双方自我效能感的预测指标，研究对象是接受根治性前列腺切除术 1 年后的患者。在这段时间内，尿失禁和勃起功能障碍等术后后遗症仍可能干扰夫妻的日常活动。72 名接受根治性前列腺切除术的患者及其配偶参与了研究。在手术前和手术后 12 个月评估了患者和配偶的自我效能感信念以及患者接受和动员的配偶支持情况。在手术后 1 年还评估了患者报告的其他协变量，包括尿失禁的困扰程度、整体性满意度和关系满意度。结果表明，患者接受的配偶支持仅在横向而非纵向与患者的自我效能感呈正相关。然而，患者在手术前和手术后动员的支持，积极预测了配偶的自我效能感水平和变化。因此，结果并未完全证实社会支持的实现假设的预测；相反，相关方面，如作为支持提供者被动员的程度或被需要的程度，似乎增强了配偶的主体信念。
