Department of Economics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2011 Dec;32(12):683-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2011.09.005. Epub 2011 Oct 24.
Recent reports suggest that R&D productivity in the pharmaceutical industry can be strengthened by reducing costs both in the early phase and, mostly, in the clinical phase of drug discovery. However, a cost-benefit probabilistic analysis reveals that despite high costs, the clinical phase shows healthy productivity, whereas the early phase, particularly lead optimization, exhibits very low productivity.
最近的报告表明，通过降低药物发现早期阶段和大部分临床阶段的成本，可以增强制药行业的研发生产力。然而，成本效益概率分析表明，尽管成本高昂，但临床阶段显示出健康的生产力，而早期阶段，特别是先导化合物优化，表现出非常低的生产力。
