O'Keefe J
Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, U.K.
Prog Brain Res. 1990;83:301-12. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61258-3.
Evidence from single unit and lesion studies suggests that the hippocampal formation acts as a spatial or cognitive map (O'Keefe and Nadel, 1978). In this chapter, I summarise some of the unit recording data and then outline the most recent computational version of the cognitive map theory. The novel aspects of the present version of the theory are that it identifies two allocentric parameters, the centroid and the eccentricity, which can be calculated from the array of cues in an environment and which can serve as the bases for an allocentric polar co-ordinate system. Computations within this framework enable the animal to identify its location within an environment, to predict the location which will be reached as a result of any specific movement from that location, and conversely, to calculate the spatial transformation necessary to go from the current location to a desired location. Aspects of the model are identified with the information provided by cells in the hippocampus and dorsal presubiculum. The hippocampal place cells are involved in the calculation of the centroid and the presubicular direction cells in the calculation of the eccentricity.
来自单细胞和损伤研究的证据表明，海马结构起着空间或认知地图的作用（奥基夫和纳德尔，1978年）。在本章中，我总结了一些单元记录数据，然后概述了认知地图理论的最新计算版本。该理论当前版本的新颖之处在于，它确定了两个以自我为中心的参数，即质心和偏心率，这两个参数可以从环境中的线索阵列中计算出来，并可作为以自我为中心的极坐标系的基础。在此框架内的计算使动物能够确定其在环境中的位置，预测从该位置进行任何特定移动后将到达的位置，反之，计算从当前位置到期望位置所需的空间变换。该模型的各个方面与海马体和背侧前扣带回中细胞提供的信息相对应。海马体位置细胞参与质心的计算，而前扣带回方向细胞参与偏心率的计算。
