Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Nature. 2011 Oct 26;478(7370):497-501. doi: 10.1038/nature10528.
Control over quantum dynamics of open systems is one of the central challenges in quantum science and engineering. Coherent optical techniques, such as coherent population trapping involving dark resonances, are widely used to control quantum states of isolated atoms and ions. In conjunction with spontaneous emission, they allow for laser cooling of atomic motion, preparation and manipulation of atomic states, and rapid quantum optical measurements that are essential for applications in metrology. Here we show that these techniques can be applied to monitor and control individual atom-like impurities, and their local environment, in the solid state. Using all-optical manipulation of the electronic spin of an individual nitrogen-vacancy colour centre in diamond, we demonstrate optical cooling, real-time measurement and conditional preparation of its nuclear spin environment by post-selection. These methods offer potential applications ranging from all-optical nanomagnetometry to quantum feedback control of solid-state qubits, and may lead to new approaches for quantum information storage and processing.
对开放系统量子动力学的控制是量子科学与工程的核心挑战之一。相干光学技术，如涉及暗态的相干布居囚禁，被广泛用于控制孤立原子和离子的量子态。与自发辐射相结合，这些技术可用于激光冷却原子运动、原子态的制备和操控以及快速量子光学测量，这些对于计量学中的应用至关重要。在这里，我们展示了这些技术可应用于监测和控制固态中单个类原子杂质及其局部环境。我们利用金刚石中单个氮空位色心的电子自旋的全光学操控，通过后选择演示了其核自旋环境的光学冷却、实时测量和条件制备。这些方法具有广泛的潜在应用，从全光纳米磁力计到固态量子比特的量子反馈控制，并且可能为量子信息存储和处理开辟新途径。
