Young A R
Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas's Hospital, United Medical School, Guy's Hospital, University of London, England.
Semin Dermatol. 1990 Mar;9(1):25-31.
The cumulative effects of solar exposure are skin cancer and photoaging. This relationship has been established by epidemiological, clinical, and pathological investigation. Understanding of the mechanisms of skin cancer and photoaging requires the study of model systems. For example, the study of cancerprone xeroderma pigmentosum patients has indicated that effective DNA repair is a major defence mechanism against skin cancer. However, there are few human models. The hairless albino mouse has been shown to be a good model for both photocarcinogenesis by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) alone and UVR in association with 8-methoxypsoralen and photoaging and may provide much information on mechanistic aspects. The use of sunscreens is often advocated as a means of preventing the cumulative effects of solar exposure. Animal data support this approach but such data must be interpreted with caution.
阳光照射的累积效应是皮肤癌和光老化。这种关系已通过流行病学、临床和病理学调查得以确立。对皮肤癌和光老化机制的理解需要对模型系统进行研究。例如，对易患癌症的着色性干皮病患者的研究表明，有效的DNA修复是抵御皮肤癌的主要防御机制。然而，人类模型很少。无毛白化小鼠已被证明是单独紫外线辐射（UVR）以及UVR与8-甲氧基补骨脂素联合作用下光致癌作用和光老化的良好模型，并且可能提供有关机制方面的大量信息。防晒霜的使用常常被提倡作为预防阳光照射累积效应的一种手段。动物数据支持这种方法，但对此类数据的解读必须谨慎。
