Division of Anatomical Sciences, Department of Medical Education, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Clin Anat. 2012 Apr;25(3):284-94. doi: 10.1002/ca.21293. Epub 2011 Oct 28.
Hans Elias (1907 to 1985) was an anatomist, an educator, a mathematician, a cinematographer, a painter, and a sculptor. Above all, he was a German of Jewish descent, who had to leave his home country because of the policies of the National Socialist (NS) regime. He spent his life in exile, first in Italy and then in the United States. His biography is exemplary for a generation of younger expatriates from National Socialist Germany who had to find a new professional career under difficult circumstances. Elias was a greatly productive morphologist whose artistic talent led to the foundation of the new science of stereology and made him an expert in scientific cinematography. He struggled hard to fulfill his own high expectations of himself in terms of his effectiveness as a scientist, educator, and politically acting man in this world. Throughout his life this strong-willed and outspoken man never lost his great fondness for Germany and many of its people, while reserving some of his sharpest criticism for fellow anatomists who were active in National Socialist Germany, among them his friend Hermann Stieve, Max Clara, and Heinrich von Hayek. Hans Elias' life is well documented in his unpublished diaries and memoirs, and thus allows fresh insights into a time period when some anatomists were among the first victims of NS policies and other anatomists became involved in the execution of such policies.
汉斯·埃利亚斯（1907 年至 1985 年）是一位解剖学家、教育家、数学家、电影摄影师、画家和雕塑家。最重要的是，他是一位具有犹太血统的德国人，由于纳粹政权的政策，他不得不离开自己的祖国。他一生流亡，最初在意大利，后来在美国。他的传记是纳粹德国年轻流亡一代的典范，他们不得不在困难的情况下找到新的职业生涯。埃利亚斯是一位多产的形态学家，他的艺术天赋为新的体视学科学奠定了基础，使他成为科学电影摄影的专家。他努力实现自己作为科学家、教育家和在这个世界上有政治影响力的人的高度期望。在他的一生中，这位意志坚强、直言不讳的人从未失去对德国及其许多人民的深深喜爱，同时对在纳粹德国活跃的解剖学家，包括他的朋友赫尔曼·斯蒂夫、马克斯·克拉拉和海因里希·冯·哈耶克，保留了一些最尖锐的批评。汉斯·埃利亚斯的生活在他未发表的日记和回忆录中有详细记录，因此可以深入了解一些解剖学家成为纳粹政策首批受害者，而其他解剖学家则参与执行这些政策的时期。
