Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Burns. 2012 May;38(3):378-82. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.09.004. Epub 2011 Oct 29.
Infections due to Staphylococcus aureus have become increasingly common among burn patients. The antibiotic resistance profile of S. aureus isolates and inducible resistance against clindamycin were investigated in this study. The presence of mecA gene, mupA gene and macrolide resistance genes were detected using PCR and multiplex-PCR. The resistance rate to methicillin, erythromycin and mupirocin were 58.5%, 58% and 40%, respectively. The prevalence of constitutive and inducible resistance among macrolide resistant isolates was 75% and 25%, respectively. Ninety five percent of the isolates were positive for one or more erm genes. The most common genes were ermA (75%), ermC (72%) and ermB (69%), respectively. The ermA gene predominated in the strains with the inducible phenotype, while ermC was more common in the isolates with the constitutive phenotype. The msrA gene was only found in one MRSA isolate with the constitutive phenotype. A total of 27 isolates (25%) carried the mupA gene. All the mupirocin resistant isolates and almost all the erythromycin resistant isolates were also resistant against methicillin which may indicate an outbreak of MRSA isolates with high-level mupirocin and erythromycin resistance in the burn unit assessed.
金黄色葡萄球菌感染在烧伤患者中越来越常见。本研究调查了金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的抗生素耐药谱和克林霉素诱导耐药情况。通过 PCR 和多重 PCR 检测 mecA 基因、mupA 基因和大环内酯类耐药基因的存在。对甲氧西林、红霉素和莫匹罗星的耐药率分别为 58.5%、58%和 40%。大环内酯类耐药分离株中固有和诱导耐药的流行率分别为 75%和 25%。95%的分离株携带一个或多个 erm 基因。最常见的基因分别为 ermA（75%）、ermC（72%）和 ermB（69%）。ermA 基因主要存在于具有诱导表型的菌株中，而 ermC 在具有固有表型的分离株中更为常见。msrA 基因仅在一株具有固有表型的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）分离株中发现。共有 27 株（25%）携带 mupA 基因。所有耐莫匹罗星的分离株和几乎所有耐红霉素的分离株对甲氧西林也有耐药性，这可能表明在评估的烧伤病房中存在高水平耐莫匹罗星和红霉素的 MRSA 分离株爆发。
