Ghanei Mostafa, Aslani Jafar, Peyman Mohammadreza, Asl Masoud Ahmadzad, Pirnazar Omidreza
Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Mostafa Ghanei, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Chemical Injured Research Center, Tehran, Iran. Email:
Oman Med J. 2011 Jan;26(1):19-22. doi: 10.5001/omj.2011.05.
Occupational exposure to carbon, silica, and quartz particles are predisposing factors for bronchial anthracosis. In some cases anthracosis may be associated with mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study aims to investigate the clinical, radiographic, and bacteriologic findings in bronchial anthracosis patients and its association with tuberculosis.
This is a prospective study conducted between 1998 and 2001. A total of 919 patients underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy for pulmonary diseases. Of these, 71 patients showed evidence of bronchial anthracosis, 32 (45.8%) males and 39 (54.2%) females, age range, 30-92 years. The distinctive clinical features, nature of bronchoscopic lesions, and radiologic findings were analyzed prospectively and summarized. Bacteriologic studies and results of laboratory examinations were also assessed.
Forty-one (57.8%) patients had positive smears or cultures for mycobacterium tuberculosis. Of 71 patients with bronchoscopic evidence of pulmonary diseases, 30 had previous occupational exposure, and 41 stated no previous exposure. Cavitary lesions on chest radiography, positive purified protein derivative tests and high ESR were more prevalent in tuberculous patients than the others.
Bronchial anthracosis was caused by active or previous tuberculous infection. Detailed examinations for the presence of active tuberculosis should be performed in patients with such bronchoscopic findings in order to prevent the spread of tuberculosis and to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.
职业性接触碳、二氧化硅和石英颗粒是支气管煤尘肺的诱发因素。在某些情况下，煤尘肺可能与肺结核相关。本研究旨在调查支气管煤尘肺患者的临床、影像学和细菌学表现及其与结核病的关联。
这是一项于1998年至2001年进行的前瞻性研究。共有919例患者因肺部疾病接受了诊断性支气管镜检查。其中，71例显示有支气管煤尘肺证据，男性32例（45.8%），女性39例（54.2%），年龄范围为30 - 92岁。对其独特的临床特征、支气管镜病变性质和影像学表现进行前瞻性分析并总结。还评估了细菌学研究和实验室检查结果。
41例（57.8%）患者结核分枝杆菌涂片或培养呈阳性。在71例有支气管镜证据的肺部疾病患者中，30例有既往职业暴露史，41例表示无既往暴露史。胸部X线片上有空洞性病变、结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物试验阳性和血沉增快在结核病患者中比其他患者更常见。
支气管煤尘肺由活动性或既往结核感染引起。对于有此类支气管镜检查结果的患者，应进行详细的活动性结核检查，以防止结核病传播并避免不必要的侵入性操作。
