Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Nutr Cancer. 2011 Nov;63(8):1263-71. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2011.614716. Epub 2011 Nov 1.
Studies investigating the association of milk consumption with bladder cancer risk have reported inconsistent findings. We conducted a meta-analysis of published cohort and case-control studies to pool the risk estimates of the association between milk intake and bladder cancer. We quantified associations with bladder cancer using meta-analysis of odds ratio (OR) associated with the highest vs. the lowest category of milk intake using fixed- or random-effect models depending on the heterogeneity of effects among studies. Nineteen cohort and case-control studies were eligible for inclusion. High milk intake was significantly associated with decreased risk of bladder cancer (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71-0.97) when comparing the highest with the lowest category of milk intake. The inverse association was stronger in Asia (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40-0.81) than North America (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76-1.03), and no association was observed in Europe (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.85-1.26). This relationship also varied significantly by specific dairy products. Our results suggest that milk may be related to the reduction of bladder cancer risk. Further studies need to clarify the biological mechanisms.
研究调查了牛奶消费与膀胱癌风险之间的关联，结果报道并不一致。我们对已发表的队列研究和病例对照研究进行了荟萃分析，以汇总牛奶摄入量与膀胱癌之间关联的风险估计值。我们使用固定或随机效应模型（取决于研究之间效应的异质性），通过与最低牛奶摄入量类别相比，用最高牛奶摄入量类别计算比值比（OR）的meta 分析来量化与膀胱癌的关联。有 19 项队列研究和病例对照研究符合纳入标准。当比较最高和最低牛奶摄入量类别时，高牛奶摄入量与膀胱癌风险降低显著相关（OR，0.84；95%CI，0.71-0.97）。亚洲（OR，0.60；95%CI，0.40-0.81）的反比关联强于北美（OR，0.89；95%CI，0.76-1.03），而在欧洲（OR，1.05；95%CI，0.85-1.26）则没有关联。这种关系也因特定乳制品的不同而显著变化。我们的结果表明，牛奶可能与降低膀胱癌风险有关。需要进一步的研究来阐明其生物学机制。
