Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sabha University, Sabha 00218, Libya.
Molecules. 2022 Mar 9;27(6):1794. doi: 10.3390/molecules27061794.
Cancer is a major disease with a high mortality rate worldwide. In many countries, cancer is considered to be the second most common cause of death after cardiovascular disease. The clinical management of cancer continues to be a challenge as conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have limitations due to their toxicity profiles. Unhealthy lifestyle and poor dietary habits are the key risk factors for cancer; having a healthy diet and lifestyle may minimize the risk. Epidemiological studies have shown that a high fruit and vegetable intake in our regular diet can effectively reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancers due to the high contents of antioxidants and phytochemicals. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that phytochemicals exert significant anticancer effects due to their free radical scavenging capacity potential. There has been extensive research on the protective effects of phytochemicals in different types of cancers. This review attempts to give an overview of the etiology of different types of cancers and assesses the role of phytonutrients in the prevention of cancers, which makes the present review distinct from the others available.
癌症是一种全球死亡率较高的主要疾病。在许多国家，癌症被认为是心血管疾病之后的第二大常见死亡原因。由于其毒性特征，癌症的常规治疗方法，如化疗和放射疗法，仍然是一个挑战。不健康的生活方式和不良的饮食习惯是癌症的关键风险因素；健康的饮食和生活方式可能会将风险降到最低。流行病学研究表明，在我们的日常饮食中摄入大量的水果和蔬菜，由于其中含有高含量的抗氧化剂和植物化学物质，可有效降低某些类型癌症的发病风险。体外和体内研究表明，由于其具有清除自由基的能力，植物化学物质具有显著的抗癌作用。人们对不同类型癌症中植物化学物质的保护作用进行了广泛的研究。本综述试图概述不同类型癌症的病因，并评估植物营养素在癌症预防中的作用，这使得本综述与其他综述不同。
