Dutra Flávia Torquato, Marinho Angélica Maria, Godoi Pollyana Furrier Sad, Borges Carolina Marques, Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira E, Zarzar Patrícia Maria
Specialists in Collective Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
J Dent Child (Chic). 2010 Sep-Dec;77(3):146-51.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dental trauma among 1- to 4-year-old children and test the association between dental trauma and demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors.
Five calibrated researchers (intra- and interexaminer kappa values=0.89 and 0.81, respectively) examined a representative sample of 407 children in the city of Matozinhos, Minas Gerais, Brazil, during the 2008 national vaccination campaign. Statistical analysis was performed via descriptive analysis, chi-square test (P<.05), and logistic regression.
The prevalence of dental trauma was 47%; among the 407 children examined, 187 had suffered dental trauma. The most prevalent type of alteration due to dental trauma was enamel fracture (85%), followed by enamel-dentin fracture without pulp exposure (11%) and enamel-dentin fracture with pulp exposure (3%). The main location where the trauma occurred was at home (89%), with the cause reported by parents as accidents while running, playing, or crawling (79%). After adjusting for the variables, the child's age (P>.01) and number of siblings (P>.01) remained associated with the outcome.
Results indicate the need for public health policies that include dental trauma as one of the priorities directed at young children.
本研究旨在评估1至4岁儿童牙外伤的患病率，并检验牙外伤与人口统计学、社会经济及临床因素之间的关联。
在2008年全国疫苗接种活动期间，五名经过校准的研究人员（检查者内和检查者间的kappa值分别为0.89和0.81）对巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州马托济纽什市407名儿童的代表性样本进行了检查。通过描述性分析、卡方检验（P<0.05）和逻辑回归进行统计分析。
牙外伤的患病率为47%；在接受检查的407名儿童中，187名曾遭受牙外伤。牙外伤最常见的改变类型是釉质骨折（85%），其次是未暴露牙髓的釉质-牙本质骨折（11%）和暴露牙髓的釉质-牙本质骨折（3%）。外伤发生的主要地点是在家中（89%），父母报告的原因是跑步、玩耍或爬行时发生的意外（79%）。在对变量进行调整后，儿童的年龄（P>0.01）和兄弟姐妹数量（P>0.01）仍与结果相关。
结果表明需要制定公共卫生政策，将牙外伤作为针对幼儿的优先事项之一。
