Baturin Alexander K
Institute of Nutrition, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia.
Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2011;68:117-24; discussion 124-5. doi: 10.1159/000325745. Epub 2011 Oct 3.
To evaluate infant feeding and weaning practices and anthropometric characteristics of 2-to 24-month-old children in Russia.
A comprehensive analysis of data collected from face-to-face interviews of a random Russia representative sample of 2,500 mothers of children. We used a specially designed questionnaire that includes sections on health, especially feeding practices, food intake from the previous day and the measurement of height and weight. The survey was conducted within the framework of 'Start Healthy Stay Healthy' program in Russia, sponsored by Gerber, Nestlé Nutrition.
Incidence of breastfeeding among children of various age was as follows: from 2 to 4 months: 70%, from 4 to 6 months: 60%, from 6 to 9 months: 46%. The most common weaning food was fruit juice (59.4% of children), followed by fruit puree (18%) and cereals (6.4%). 4.4% of respondents used cow's milk as the first weaning food. It was found that examined children were slightly taller (z score for height-forage, 0.11) and heavier (z score for weight-for-age, 0.63) than the WHO standards.
Evaluation of infant/toddler feeding and weaning practice will help to develop guidelines and educational programs to prevent nutrition-related diseases in Russia.
评估俄罗斯2至24个月大儿童的婴儿喂养和断奶习惯以及人体测量特征。
对来自俄罗斯2500名儿童母亲的随机代表性样本进行面对面访谈所收集的数据进行综合分析。我们使用了一份专门设计的问卷，其中包括健康相关部分，特别是喂养习惯、前一天的食物摄入量以及身高和体重测量。该调查是在俄罗斯由嘉宝、雀巢营养赞助的“健康起步，保持健康”项目框架内进行的。
各年龄段儿童的母乳喂养率如下：2至4个月：70%，4至6个月：60%，6至9个月：46%。最常见的断奶食品是果汁（59.4%的儿童），其次是果泥（18%）和谷物（6.4%）。4.4%的受访者将牛奶作为第一种断奶食品。结果发现，接受检查的儿童比世界卫生组织标准略高（身高别体重z评分，0.11）且略重（年龄别体重z评分，0.63）。
评估婴幼儿喂养和断奶习惯将有助于制定指导方针和教育项目，以预防俄罗斯与营养相关的疾病。
