Cell Signaling Unit, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Nat Rev Genet. 2011 Nov 3;12(12):833-45. doi: 10.1038/nrg3055.
Acute stress puts cells at risk, and rapid adaptation is crucial for maximizing cell survival. Cellular adaptation mechanisms include modification of certain aspects of cell physiology, such as the induction of efficient changes in the gene expression programmes by intracellular signalling networks. Recent studies using genome-wide approaches as well as single-cell transcription measurements, in combination with classical genetics, have shown that rapid and specific activation of gene expression can be accomplished by several different strategies. This article discusses how organisms can achieve generic and specific responses to different stresses by regulating gene expression at multiple stages of mRNA biogenesis from chromatin structure to transcription, mRNA stability and translation.
急性应激会使细胞面临风险，而快速适应对于最大限度地提高细胞存活率至关重要。细胞适应机制包括对细胞生理学的某些方面进行修饰，例如通过细胞内信号网络诱导基因表达程序的有效变化。最近使用全基因组方法以及单细胞转录测量的研究，结合经典遗传学，表明可以通过几种不同的策略来实现基因表达的快速和特异性激活。本文讨论了生物体如何通过调节从染色质结构到转录、mRNA 稳定性和翻译等 mRNA 生物发生的多个阶段的基因表达，从而实现对不同应激的通用和特定反应。
