Janczyk Pawel, Weigner Janet, Luebke-Becker Antina, Richardson Kenneth C, Plendl Johanna
Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2011 May-Jun;124(5-6):225-7.
Most embalming of cadavers for anatomical dissection in veterinary medicine has used 6-10% formaldehyde resulting in discoloured and rigid specimens. This project produced teaching specimens of sheep, horse and calf cadavers having their musculoskeletal and visceral structures with a natural appearance using a fixation solution with lowered concentrations of formaldehyde (2% and 3%) together with ethanol and polyethylene glycols. Fixation parameters (palpable consistency, flexibility, colour, tissue hydration and odour) were assessed qualitatively by twice weekly dissections over two months for sheep and three months for horses and calf. Formaldehyde levels, measured in the breathing zone, were below the maximum allowable concentration in all specimens except for a 300 kg horse cadaver. To evaluate the effectiveness of the fixation solution in microbial inhibition, tissue samples were taken and analyzed for the presence of culturable aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, yeasts and moulds. Single colonies of Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Chryseobacterium sp., Acinetobacter sp. were isolated from lungs, and Micrococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. were isolated from one muscle sample.
在兽医学中，用于解剖的大多数尸体防腐处理都使用6%-10%的甲醛，这会导致标本变色和僵硬。本项目使用甲醛浓度较低（2%和3%）的固定液，再加上乙醇和聚乙二醇，制作出了具有自然外观的绵羊、马和小牛尸体的教学标本，这些标本的肌肉骨骼和内脏结构得以保留。通过对绵羊进行为期两个月、对马和小牛进行为期三个月的每周两次解剖，对固定参数（可触知的稠度、柔韧性、颜色、组织水合作用和气味）进行了定性评估。除了一具300千克的马尸体外，在所有标本的呼吸区域测量的甲醛水平均低于最大允许浓度。为了评估固定液在抑制微生物方面的有效性，采集了组织样本并分析其中可培养的需氧菌、厌氧菌、酵母菌和霉菌的存在情况。从肺部分离出了栖稻假单胞菌、金黄杆菌属、不动杆菌属的单菌落，从一个肌肉样本中分离出了微球菌属和芽孢杆菌属。
