Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Microcirculation. 2012 Feb;19(2):115-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-8719.2011.00147.x.
It has been 40 years since Folkman hypothesized the use of anti-angiogenic therapy as a strategy in the treatment of cancer. Since then, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified as the most potent cytokine to induce angiogenesis and drugs targeting VEGF, principally the humanized monoclonal antibody bevacizumab and the tyrosine kinase inhibitors sunitinib and sorafenib, have proven therapeutic benefit. The initial high expectations of tumor vascular targeting agents, however, have yet to be fulfilled. In unselected patient populations, the benefits of these agents is often marginal, they cause harmful side effects, and drug resistance is quickly established. Biomarkers to identify patients suitable for anti-angiogenic therapy will be key to the future development of these drugs.
福克曼（Folkman）假设将抗血管生成治疗作为癌症治疗策略，至今已有 40 年。自此，血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）被鉴定为最有效的诱导血管生成的细胞因子，而针对 VEGF 的药物，主要是曲妥珠单抗（bevacizumab）和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（如舒尼替尼和索拉非尼），已被证实具有治疗益处。然而，最初对肿瘤血管靶向药物的高期望尚未得到满足。在未选择的患者人群中，这些药物的获益往往微不足道，且会引起有害的副作用，并且耐药性很快就会建立。识别适合抗血管生成治疗的患者的生物标志物将是这些药物未来发展的关键。
