Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2011 Dec;6(4):289-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2011.00299.x.
Despite evidence supporting fall prevention methods, fall-related injury and death rates continue to rise. Understanding older people's views on fall risk and prevention will help nurses and other health professionals in the design of fall prevention strategies that will broaden their scope, reach and adoption. This literature review synthesised 19 qualitative and quantitative studies examining older people's perspectives about fall risk and prevention using a social-ecological framework. Three themes emerged about fall risk; fearing vulnerability, maintaining autonomy and independence and interpreting risk. Four themes emerged about fall prevention programs: influence of participant and program characteristics, need for personal relevance and preference, maintaining autonomy and independence and increased support for and access to programs. Implications for practice include individual, interpersonal, organizational and community level considerations for improving fall prevention efforts.
尽管有证据支持预防跌倒的方法，但与跌倒相关的伤害和死亡率仍在继续上升。了解老年人对跌倒风险和预防的看法将有助于护士和其他卫生专业人员设计更广泛、更有针对性和更易被接受的跌倒预防策略。本文献综述综合了 19 项定性和定量研究，使用社会生态框架研究了老年人对跌倒风险和预防的看法。研究结果得出了三个关于跌倒风险的主题：对脆弱性的恐惧、维护自主性和独立性以及对风险的解读。四个关于跌倒预防计划的主题：参与者和计划特征的影响、个人相关性和偏好的需求、维护自主性和独立性以及对计划的更多支持和获取。对实践的启示包括在个人、人际、组织和社区层面上考虑改进跌倒预防工作。
