Deakin University, School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, Faculty of Business and Law, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood VIC 3125, Australia.
J Health Econ. 2012 Jan;31(1):197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.10.001. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
The magnitude of the value of a statistical life (VSL) is critical to the evaluation of many health and safety initiatives. To date, the large and rigorous VSL research literature has not explicitly accommodated publication selectivity bias (i.e., the reduced probability that insignificant or negative VSL values are reported). This study demonstrates that doing so is essential. For studies that employ hedonic wage equations to estimate VSL, correction for selection bias reduces the average value of a statistical life by 70-80%. Our meta-regression analysis also identifies several sources for the wide heterogeneity found among reported VSL estimates.
生命价值（VSL）的大小对于评估许多健康和安全措施至关重要。迄今为止，大量严谨的 VSL 研究文献并未明确考虑到发表选择性偏差（即，报告的无意义或负面 VSL 值的可能性降低）。本研究表明，必须要进行这样的修正。对于使用享乐工资方程来估算 VSL 的研究，选择偏差的校正将使平均生命价值降低 70-80%。我们的荟萃回归分析还确定了报告的 VSL 估算值之间存在广泛异质性的几个来源。
