University of Regensburg, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Regensburg, Germany; University of Würzburg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, Germany; University of Würzburg, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, Germany.
University of Würzburg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, Germany.
Psychiatry Res. 2011 Dec 30;194(3):378-384. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.01.016. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
Altered prefrontal brain activity (e.g. hypofrontality) during cognitive tasks such as working memory is a core neuroimaging marker in unipolar (UNI) and bipolar (BI) depression. The present study investigated for the first time UNI (n=16) and BI patients (n=14) in a working memory task including different processes (storage and matching) and components (object and spatial visual) with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) over the prefrontal cortex. In healthy controls (n=15) comparable to both patient groups, changes of oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin indicated increased ventro-lateral, dorso-lateral prefrontal and superior frontal cortex activity for object and spatial visual working memory storage as compared to the control condition. In contrast, both patient groups showed diminished brain activity in all working memory conditions. Results revealed unspecific deficits that did not allow the differentiation between unipolar and bipolar depression in dependence of working memory processes or components. However, fNIRS can be considered as a valid, easy manageable, low cost and rapid tool for measuring (diminished) prefrontal cortex functions.
在认知任务（如工作记忆）期间，前额叶大脑活动的改变（例如低前额叶活动）是单相（UNI）和双相（BI）抑郁症的核心神经影像学标志物。本研究首次使用近红外光谱（fNIRS）在工作记忆任务中对 UNI（n=16）和 BI 患者（n=14）进行了研究，该任务包括不同的过程（存储和匹配）和组件（物体和空间视觉）。与两个患者组相比，在健康对照组（n=15）中，与控制条件相比，物体和空间视觉工作记忆存储的腹外侧、背外侧前额叶和额上回活动增加，表明含氧和去氧血红蛋白发生了变化。相比之下，两个患者组在所有工作记忆条件下均显示出大脑活动减少。结果表明，在依赖于工作记忆过程或组件的情况下，无法区分单相和双相抑郁症的非特异性缺陷。然而，fNIRS 可以被认为是一种有效、易于管理、低成本和快速的测量（减少的）前额叶皮层功能的工具。
