Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Vaccine. 2012 Jan 5;30(2):289-93. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.097. Epub 2011 Nov 12.
Special mass influenza vaccination programs of elementary school-aged children (ESAC) in some or all Maryland Counties were conducted during the falls of 2005-2007. From 3% to 46% of ESAC received live attenuated influenza vaccine during these county programs, which were in addition to routine influenza vaccination efforts conducted in county medical offices. Anonymous, all cause public school absentee data for all grades was available from 11 of Maryland's 24 counties. Binomial regression was used to estimate associations between the percentage of children vaccinated in each county and the degree of increase in absenteeism rates during influenza outbreaks. We estimated that, for every 20% increase in vaccination rates for ESAC during these special programs, a 4% decrease in the rise in absentee rates occurred during influenza outbreak periods in both elementary and upper schools (P<0.05). These results suggest both direct and indirect benefits of influenza vaccination of young children.
2005-2007 年秋季，马里兰州部分或全部县开展了小学生（ESAC）专项流感疫苗接种活动。在这些县的项目中，有 3%至 46%的 ESAC 儿童接种了减毒活流感疫苗，这些疫苗是在县医疗办公室进行常规流感疫苗接种工作的基础上进行的。马里兰州 24 个县中的 11 个提供了所有年级的、匿名的、所有原因的公立学校缺课数据。我们使用二项式回归估计了每个县接种疫苗的儿童比例与流感爆发期间缺课率上升幅度之间的关联。我们估计，在这些特别项目中，ESAC 的疫苗接种率每增加 20%，小学和中学流感爆发期间的缺课率上升幅度就会降低 4%（P<0.05）。这些结果表明，对幼儿进行流感疫苗接种既具有直接效益，也具有间接效益。
