Indian J Public Health. 2011 Jul-Sep;55(3):234-9. doi: 10.4103/0019-557X.89937.
Smoke-free legislation is gaining popularity; however, it must accompany effective implementation to protect people from secondhand smoke (SHS) which causes 600,000 deaths annually. Increasing numbers of smoke-free cities in the world indicate that municipalities have an important role in promoting smoke-free environments. The objectives were to describe the local initiative to promote smoke-free environments and identify the key factors that contributed to the process. Observations were based on a case study on the municipal smoke-free initiatives in Chandigarh and Chennai, India. India adopted the Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act in 2003, the first national tobacco control law including smoke-free provisions. In an effort to enforce the Act at the local level, a civil society organization in Chandigarh initiated activities urging the city to support the implementation of the provisions of the Act which led to the initiation of city-wide law enforcement. After the smoke-free declaration of Chandigarh in 2007, Chennai also initiated a smoke-free intervention led by civil society in 2008, following the strategies used in Chandigarh. These experiences resonate with other cases in Asian cities, such as Jakarta, Davao, and Kanagawa as well as cities in other areas of the world including Mexico City, New York City, Mecca and Medina. The cases of Chandigarh and Chennai demonstrate that civil society can make a great contribution to the enforcement of smoke-free laws in cities, and that cities can learn from their peers to protect people from SHS.
无烟立法越来越受欢迎；然而，为了保护人们免受每年导致 60 万人死亡的二手烟（SHS）的侵害，它必须伴随着有效的实施。世界上越来越多的无烟城市表明，市政当局在促进无烟环境方面发挥着重要作用。目的是描述促进无烟环境的地方倡议，并确定有助于这一进程的关键因素。观察结果基于对印度昌迪加尔和钦奈的市政无烟倡议的案例研究。印度于 2003 年通过了《香烟和其他烟草产品法》，这是第一项包括无烟规定的国家烟草控制法。为了在地方一级执行该法案，昌迪加尔的一个民间社会组织发起了敦促该市支持执行该法案条款的活动，这导致了全市范围内的执法行动的开始。2007 年昌迪加尔宣布无烟后，钦奈也在 2008 年效仿昌迪加尔的策略，由民间社会发起了一项无烟干预措施。这些经验与亚洲其他城市（如雅加达、达沃和神奈川）以及世界其他地区的城市（如墨西哥城、纽约市、麦加和麦地那）的情况相呼应。昌迪加尔和钦奈的案例表明，民间社会可以为城市无烟法律的执行做出巨大贡献，而且城市可以相互学习，保护人们免受 SHS 的侵害。
