Faculty of Dentistry of Araçatuba (SP), University of the State of São Paulo, Brazil.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2010 Jan;21(1):43-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01842.x.
To evaluate the influence of implant positioning into extraction sockets on osseointegration.
Implants were installed immediately into extraction sockets in the mandibles of six Labrador dogs. In the control sites, the implants were positioned in the center of the alveolus, while in the test sites, the implants were positioned 0.8 mm deeper and more lingually. After 4 months of healing, the resorptive patterns of the alveolar crest were evaluated histomorphometrically.
All implants were integrated in mineralized bone, mainly composed of mature lamellar bone. The alveolar crest underwent resorption at the control as well as at the test sites. After 4 months of healing, at the buccal aspects of the control and test sites, the location of the implant rough/smooth limit to the alveolar crest was 2 + or - 0.9 mm and 0.6 + or - 0.9 mm, respectively (P<0.05). At the lingual aspect, the bony crest was located 0.4 mm apically and 0.2 mm coronally to the implant rough/smooth limit at the control and test sites, respectively (NS).
From a clinical point of view, implants installed into extraction sockets should be positioned approximately 1 mm deeper than the level of the buccal alveolar crest and in a lingual position in relation to the center of the alveolus in order to reduce or eliminate the exposure above the alveolar crest of the endosseous (rough) portion of the implant.
评估种植体在拔牙窝内的位置对骨整合的影响。
将种植体即刻植入 6 只拉布拉多犬下颌的拔牙窝内。在对照组，种植体位于牙槽嵴中心；在实验组，种植体位置比牙槽嵴深 0.8mm，更偏向舌侧。愈合 4 个月后，通过组织形态计量学评估牙槽嵴的吸收模式。
所有种植体均与矿化骨整合，主要由成熟的板层骨组成。对照组和实验组的牙槽嵴均发生了吸收。愈合 4 个月后，对照组和实验组颊侧种植体粗糙/光滑界面至牙槽嵴的位置分别为 2+或-0.9mm 和 0.6+或-0.9mm（P<0.05）。舌侧，骨嵴位于种植体粗糙/光滑界面冠方 0.4mm 和根方 0.2mm 处，对照组和实验组分别为（NS）。
从临床角度来看，为了减少或消除种植体骨整合段在牙槽嵴上方的暴露，应将种植体植入拔牙窝内，使其位置比颊侧牙槽嵴深约 1mm，并偏向牙槽嵴中心的舌侧。
