UNESP-Faculty of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Apr;23(4):396-401. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02310.x. Epub 2011 Sep 29.
To study the influence on the healing of soft and hard peri-implant tissues when implants of different sizes and configurations were installed into sockets immediately after tooth extraction.
Transmucosal cylindrical implants, 3.3 mm in diameter in the control sites, and conical 5 mm in diameter in the test sites, were installed into the distal socket of the fourth mandibular premolars in dogs immediately after tooth extraction. After 4 months, the hard and soft tissue healing was evaluated histologically.
All implants were integrated in mineralized mature bone. Both at the test and control sites, the alveolar crest underwent resorption. The buccal bony surface at the implant test sites (conical; 3.8 mm) was more resorbed compared with the control sites (cylindrical; 1.6 mm). The soft tissue dimensions were similar in both groups. However, in relation to the implant shoulder, the peri-implant mucosa was located more apically at the test compared with the control sites.
The present study confirmed that the distance between the implant surface and the outer contour of the buccal alveolar bony crest influenced the degree of resorption of the buccal bone plate. Consequently, in relation to the implant shoulder, the peri-implant mucosa will be established at a more apical level, if the distance between the implant surface and the outer contour of the alveolar crest is small.
研究在拔牙后即刻植入不同大小和形态的种植体对种植体周围软硬组织愈合的影响。
在犬第四下颌前磨牙的远中牙槽窝内即刻植入直径为 3.3mm 的穿黏膜圆柱形种植体作为对照组，植入直径为 5mm 的锥形种植体作为实验组。4 个月后，对硬组织和软组织的愈合情况进行组织学评估。
所有种植体均与矿化成熟骨结合。在实验组和对照组中，牙槽嵴都发生了吸收。与对照组（圆柱形；1.6mm）相比，实验组（锥形；3.8mm）种植体颊侧骨表面吸收更多。两组的软组织尺寸相似。然而，与种植体肩部相比，实验组的种植体周围黏膜在颊侧更向根尖方向延伸。
本研究证实，种植体表面与颊侧牙槽骨嵴外轮廓之间的距离影响颊骨板的吸收程度。因此，如果种植体表面与牙槽嵴外轮廓之间的距离较小，那么与种植体肩部相比，种植体周围黏膜将在更根尖的位置建立。
