Centre d'Etudes des Transformations des Activités Physiques et Sportives, EA-3832, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Rouen, France.
Hum Mov Sci. 2012 Jun;31(3):620-9. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2011.07.011. Epub 2011 Nov 16.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in stroke parameters, motor organization and swimming efficiency with increasing energy cost in aquatic locomotion. Seven elite sprint swimmers performed a 6×300-m incremental swimming test. Stroke parameters (speed, stroke rate and stroke length), motor organization (arm stroke phases and arm coordination index), swimming efficiency (swimming speed squared and hand speed squared) and stroke index were calculated from aerial and underwater side-view cameras. The energy cost of locomotion was assessed by measuring oxygen consumption and blood lactate. Results showed that the increase in energy cost of locomotion was correlated to an increase in the index of coordination and stroke rate, and a decrease in stroke length (p<.05). Furthermore, indicators of swimming efficiency and stroke index did not change significantly with the speed increments (p<.05), indicating that swimmers did not decrease their efficiency despite the increase in energy cost. In parallel, an increase in the index of coordination IdC and stroke rate were observed, along with a decrease in stroke length, stroke index and hand speed squared with each increment, revealing an adaptation to the fatigue within the 300m.
本研究旨在分析在增加能耗的情况下，水中运动中中风参数、运动组织和游泳效率的变化。七名优秀的短距离游泳运动员进行了 6×300 米递增游泳测试。从空中和水下侧视摄像机计算中风参数（速度、划频和划长）、运动组织（臂划水阶段和臂协调指数）、游泳效率（游泳速度平方和手速平方）和中风指数。通过测量耗氧量和血乳酸来评估运动的能耗。结果表明，运动能耗的增加与协调指数和划频的增加以及划长的减少有关（p<.05）。此外，游泳效率和中风指数的指标在速度增量上没有显著变化（p<.05），这表明游泳运动员尽管能耗增加，但并没有降低效率。同时，随着每个增量的增加，协调指数 IdC 和划频增加，划长、中风指数和手速平方减小，这表明在 300 米内对疲劳进行了适应。
