Gräske Johannes, Wulff Ines, Fischer Thomas, Meye Sandra, Worch Andreas, Wolf-Ostermann Karin
Alice Salomon Hochschule Berlin.
Pflege Z. 2011 Nov;64(11):666-71.
Due to growing numbers of older care dependant persons shared-housing arrangements (SHA) were developed as a new approach, especially for those elderly People suffering from dementia. The involvement of family members and volunteers is a core component of the SHA concept. Besides the active involvement in meaningful activities, relatives also often act as legal representatives. Empirical data concerning how frequently family members and volunteers are involved as well as the tasks they pursue is lacking. The aim of the study is to describe and evaluate the involvement of family members and volunteers in SHA. Special Care Units (SCU) are observed in comparison. In january 2009, all identified SHA and SCU in the city of Berlin were included in a cross-sectional survey as part of the DeWeGE-study. The DeWeGE-study was the first one on SHA in the city of Berlin. Data was collected using a written, standardised questionnaire. We collected data related to the frequency and tasks of family members and volunteer involvement as well as to the residents characteristics. 963 residents of 105 SHA and 17 SCU were included. More persons suffer from dementia in SCU than in SHA. SHA offer events to inform relatives and volunteers about their possible involvement less often than SCU. Family members are involved in meaningful activities in around 50 percent of all SHA and SCU. The proportion of family members who are present in the unit at least once per week is significantly higher in SCU than in SHA. No statistically significant difference between SHA and SCU is found regarding the involvement of volunteers. In SHA, legal representatives are more often paid professionals than in SCU. The real involvement of family members and volunteers in SHA does not reflect the conceptual propositions of this care arrangement.
由于需要长期照料的老年人数量不断增加，共享住房安排（SHA）作为一种新方法应运而生，尤其适用于患有痴呆症的老年人。家庭成员和志愿者的参与是SHA理念的核心组成部分。除了积极参与有意义的活动外，亲属还经常担任法定代表人。目前缺乏关于家庭成员和志愿者参与频率以及他们所从事任务的实证数据。本研究的目的是描述和评估家庭成员和志愿者在SHA中的参与情况，并与特殊护理单元（SCU）进行比较观察。2009年1月，柏林市所有已确定的SHA和SCU都被纳入一项横断面调查，作为DeWeGE研究的一部分。DeWeGE研究是柏林市第一项关于SHA的研究。数据通过书面标准化问卷收集。我们收集了与家庭成员和志愿者参与频率及任务以及居民特征相关的数据。105个SHA和17个SCU的963名居民参与了调查。SCU中患有痴呆症的人数比SHA多。SHA向亲属和志愿者通报其可能参与情况的活动比SCU少。在所有SHA和SCU中，约50%的家庭参与了有意义的活动。SCU中每周至少在机构出现一次的家庭成员比例显著高于SHA。在志愿者参与方面，SHA和SCU之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。在SHA中，法定代表人比在SCU中更多是付费专业人员。家庭成员和志愿者在SHA中的实际参与情况并未反映这种护理安排的概念性主张。
