Gómez-Abellán Purificación, Madrid Juan Antonio, Ordovás José María, Garaulet Marta
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España.
Endocrinol Nutr. 2012 Jan;59(1):50-61. doi: 10.1016/j.endonu.2011.08.002. Epub 2011 Nov 18.
Circadian rhythms (approximately 24h) are widely characterized at molecular level and their generation is acknowledged to originate from oscillations in expression of several clock genes and from regulation of their protein products. While general entrainment of organisms to environmental light-dark cycles is mainly achieved through the master clock of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in mammals, this molecular clockwork is functional in several organs and tissues. Some studies have suggested that disruption of the circadian system (chronodisruption (CD)) may be causal for manifestations of the metabolic syndrome. This review summarizes (1) how molecular clocks coordinate metabolism and their specific role in the adipocyte; (2) the genetic aspects of and scientific evidence for obesity as a chronobiological illness; and (3) CD and its causes and pathological consequences. Finally, ideas about use of chronobiology for the treatment of obesity are discussed.
昼夜节律（约24小时）在分子水平上具有广泛特征，其产生被认为源于几个生物钟基因表达的振荡及其蛋白质产物的调控。虽然生物体对环境明暗周期的一般同步主要通过哺乳动物视交叉上核的主生物钟来实现，但这种分子生物钟在多个器官和组织中都有功能。一些研究表明，昼夜节律系统的破坏（生物钟紊乱（CD））可能是代谢综合征表现的原因。本综述总结了：（1）分子生物钟如何协调代谢及其在脂肪细胞中的特定作用；（2）肥胖作为一种时间生物学疾病的遗传方面和科学证据；以及（3）生物钟紊乱及其原因和病理后果。最后，讨论了利用时间生物学治疗肥胖症的相关观点。
