Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 315201, Ningbo, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Jan;93(2):487-95. doi: 10.1007/s00253-011-3712-6. Epub 2011 Nov 19.
Phloroglucinol derivatives are a major class of secondary metabolites of wide occurrence in biological systems. In the bacteria kingdom, these compounds can only be synthesized by some species of Pseudomonads. Pseudomonas spp. could produce 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) that plays an important role in the biological control of many plant pathogens. In this review, we summarize knowledge about synthesis of phloroglucinol compounds based on the DAPG biosynthetic pathway. Recent advances that have been made in understanding phloroglucinol compound biosynthesis and regulation are highlighted. From these studies, researchers have identified the biosynthesis pathway of DAPG. Most of the genes involved in the biosynthesis pathway have been cloned and characterized. Additionally, heterologous systems of the model microorganism Escherichia coli are constructed to produce phloroglucinol. Although further work is still required, a full understanding of phloroglucinol compound biosynthesis is almost within reach. This review also suggests new directions and attempts to gain some insights for better understanding of the biosynthesis and regulation of DAPG. The combination of traditional biochemistry and molecular biology with new systems biology and synthetic biology tools will provide a better view of phloroglucinol compound biosynthesis and a greater potential of microbial production.
苯丙醇衍生物是生物系统中广泛存在的一类重要次生代谢物。在细菌王国中，这些化合物只能由某些假单胞菌物种合成。假单胞菌能够产生 2,4-二乙酰基间苯三酚（DAPG），它在许多植物病原体的生物防治中起着重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于 DAPG 生物合成途径的苯丙醇化合物合成的知识。强调了在理解苯丙醇化合物生物合成和调控方面取得的最新进展。通过这些研究，研究人员确定了 DAPG 的生物合成途径。涉及生物合成途径的大多数基因已被克隆和表征。此外，还构建了模式微生物大肠杆菌的异源系统来生产苯丙醇。尽管仍需要进一步的工作，但对苯丙醇化合物生物合成的全面理解几乎触手可及。这篇综述还提出了新的方向和尝试，以更好地理解 DAPG 的生物合成和调控。传统生物化学和分子生物学与新的系统生物学和合成生物学工具的结合，将为苯丙醇化合物生物合成提供更好的视角，并为微生物生产提供更大的潜力。
