Geoscience Center, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstrasse 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Water Res. 2012 Feb 1;46(2):395-402. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.003. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
Contamination from untreated wastewater leakage and related bacterial contamination poses a threat to drinking water quality. However, a quantification of the magnitude of leakage is difficult. The objective of this work is to provide a highly sensitive methodology for the estimation of the mass of untreated wastewater entering karst aquifers with rapid recharge. For this purpose a balance approach is adapted. It is based on the mass flow of caffeine in spring water, the load of caffeine in untreated wastewater and the daily water consumption per person in a spring catchment area. Caffeine is a source-specific indicator for wastewater, consumed and discharged in quantities allowing detection in a karst spring. The methodology was applied to estimate the amount of leaking and infiltrating wastewater to a well investigated karst aquifer on a daily basis. The calculated mean volume of untreated wastewater entering the aquifer was found to be 2.2 ± 0.5 m(3) d(-1) (undiluted wastewater). It corresponds to approximately 0.4% of the total amount of wastewater within the spring catchment.
未经处理的废水泄漏及其相关细菌污染对饮用水水质构成威胁。然而，泄漏的程度很难量化。这项工作的目的是提供一种高度敏感的方法，用于估算快速补给的岩溶含水层中未经处理的废水进入量。为此，采用了平衡方法。它基于泉水的咖啡因质量流、未经处理的废水中咖啡因的负荷以及泉水流域内每人每天的用水量。咖啡因是一种特定于废水的示踪剂，其在数量上被消耗和排放，可在岩溶泉中检测到。该方法应用于估算每天向一个经过充分研究的岩溶含水层泄漏和渗入的废水量。计算得出进入含水层的未经处理的废水平均体积为 2.2 ± 0.5 m(3) d(-1)（未经稀释的废水）。这相当于泉水流域内总废水量的约 0.4%。
