Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Biodegradation. 2012 Jun;23(3):465-72. doi: 10.1007/s10532-011-9525-6. Epub 2011 Nov 25.
Four fungal strains-Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma koningii, and Trichoderma reesei-were selected for cellulase production using furfural residues and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as the substrates. The filter paper activity (FPA) of the supernatant from each fungus was measured, and the performance of the enzymes from different fungal strains was compared. Moreover, the individual activities of the three components of the cellulase system, i.e., β-glucosidase, endoglucanase, and exoglucanase were evaluated. T. koningii showed the highest activity (27.81 FPU/ml) on furfural residues, while T. viride showed an activity of 21.61 FPU/ml on MCC. The FPA of the crude enzyme supernatant from T. koningii was 30% higher on furfural residues than on MCC. T. koningii and T. viride exhibited high stability and productivity and were chosen for cellulases production. The crystallinity index (CrI) of the furfural residues varied after digested by the fungi. The results indicated differences in the functioning of the cellulase system from each fungus. In the case of T. koningii, T. reesei and T. viride, furfural residues supported a better environment for cellulase production than MCC. Moreover, the CrI of the furfural residues decreased, indicating that this material was largely digested by the fungi. Thus, our results suggest that it may be possible to use the cellulases produced from these fungi for the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulosic materials in ethanol production.
四种真菌菌株——绿色木霉、黑曲霉、康宁木霉和里氏木霉被选来利用糠醛残渣和微晶纤维素（MCC）作为底物生产纤维素酶。测量了每种真菌上清液的滤纸活性（FPA），并比较了不同真菌菌株酶的性能。此外，还评估了纤维素酶系统的三个组分，即β-葡萄糖苷酶、内切葡聚糖酶和外切葡聚糖酶的单独活性。在糠醛残渣上，康氏木霉表现出最高的活性（27.81 FPU/ml），而绿色木霉在 MCC 上的活性为 21.61 FPU/ml。康氏木霉粗酶上清液在糠醛残渣上的 FPA 比在 MCC 上高 30%。康氏木霉和绿色木霉表现出较高的稳定性和生产力，因此被选择用于生产纤维素酶。糠醛残渣经真菌消化后结晶度指数（CrI）发生变化。结果表明，不同真菌的纤维素酶系统的作用存在差异。对于康氏木霉、里氏木霉和绿色木霉，糠醛残渣为纤维素酶的生产提供了比 MCC 更好的环境。此外，糠醛残渣的 CrI 降低，表明该物质被真菌大量消化。因此，我们的结果表明，可能可以利用这些真菌产生的纤维素酶用于木质纤维素材料的同步糖化和发酵生产乙醇。
