Catalano B, Moltedo G, Martuccio G, Gastaldi L, Virno-Lamberti C, Lauria A, Ausili A
ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Rome, Italy.
Chemosphere. 2012 Mar;86(9):875-82. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.10.040. Epub 2011 Nov 26.
The aim of this study was to develop a preliminary characterization of the biological responses of Hediste diversicolor to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) under controlled laboratory conditions. In order to test the effects of PAH exposure, a battery of biomarkers was applied to the polychaetes by exposing them to sublethal concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (0.1 and 0.5 mg L(-1)) for 10d under laboratory conditions. The battery of biomarkers tested included oxidative stress biomarkers (glutathione content, enzymatic activities of catalase, glutathione S-transferases, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidases), total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) toward peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals and activity of acyl CoA oxidase (AOX) as a marker of peroxisome proliferation measured in the entire body; lipofuscin and neutral lipid accumulations and levels of Ca(2+)-ATPase activity analyzed in the intestinal epithelium; lysosomal membrane stability and genotoxic effects measured as DNA strand breaks and frequency of micronuclei in coelomocytes. Chemical analyses were also carried out to verify the polychaete's benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) bioaccumulation levels after the exposure period. The results obtained indicate that B[a]P caused significant changes in most of the parameters measured in H. diversicolor. Biological responses to the organic compound were particularly significant for the biomarkers measured in the intestinal epithelium and in coelomocytes, emphasizing that these tissues were more affected during our experimental conditions. Considering the key trophic role of this benthic species in estuarine and coastal ecosystems, this study confirmed that H. diversicolor is an appropriate bioindicator of organic contamination.
本研究的目的是在可控的实验室条件下，对多毛类小头虫（Hediste diversicolor）对多环芳烃（PAHs）的生物反应进行初步表征。为了测试多环芳烃暴露的影响，在实验室条件下，将多毛类小头虫暴露于亚致死浓度的苯并[a]芘（0.1和0.5 mg L(-1)）中10天，应用一系列生物标志物对其进行检测。所检测的生物标志物包括氧化应激生物标志物（谷胱甘肽含量、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的酶活性）、对过氧自由基和羟基自由基的总氧自由基清除能力（TOSC）以及在整个虫体中测量的作为过氧化物酶体增殖标志物的酰基辅酶A氧化酶（AOX）活性；在肠上皮中分析的脂褐素和中性脂质积累以及Ca(2+)-ATP酶活性水平；在体腔细胞中测量的溶酶体膜稳定性和作为DNA链断裂和微核频率的遗传毒性效应。还进行了化学分析，以验证暴露期后多毛类小头虫的苯并[a]芘（B[a]P）生物积累水平。所得结果表明，B[a]P在多毛类小头虫中测量的大多数参数上引起了显著变化。对该有机化合物的生物反应在肠上皮和体腔细胞中测量的生物标志物方面尤为显著，强调这些组织在我们的实验条件下受到的影响更大。考虑到这种底栖物种在河口和沿海生态系统中的关键营养作用，本研究证实多毛类小头虫是有机污染的合适生物指示物。
