Department of Emergency Medicine and Center for Emergency Medicine of Western Pennsylvania, Inc., Pennsylvania, USA.
Prehosp Emerg Care. 2012 Jan-Mar;16(1):98-108. doi: 10.3109/10903127.2011.616260.
We sought to develop a reliable and valid tool for measuring teamwork among emergency medical technician (EMT) partnerships.
We adapted existing scales and developed new items to measure components of teamwork. After recruiting a convenience sample of 39 agencies, we tested a 122-item draft survey tool (EMT-TEAMWORK). We performed a series of exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test reliability and construct validity, describing variation in domain and global scores using descriptive statistics.
We received 687 completed surveys. The EFAs identified a nine-factor solution. We labeled these factors 1) Team Orientation, 2) Team Structure & Leadership, 3) Partner Communication, Team Support, & Monitoring, 4) Partner Trust and Shared Mental Models, 5) Partner Adaptability & Back-Up Behavior, 6) Process Conflict, 7) Strong Task Conflict, 8) Mild Task Conflict, and 9) Interpersonal Conflict. We tested a short-form (30-item SF) and long-form (45-item LF) version. The CFAs determined that both the SF and the LF possess positive psychometric properties of reliability and construct validity. The EMT-TEAMWORK-SF has positive internal consistency properties, with a mean Cronbach's alpha coefficient ≥0.70 across all nine factors (mean = 0.84; minimum = 0.78, maximum = 0.94). The mean Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the EMT-TEAMWORK-LF was 0.87 (minimum = 0.79, maximum = 0.94). There was wide variation in weighted scores across all nine factors and the global score for the SF and LF. Mean scores were lowest for the Team Orientation factor (48.1, standard deviation [SD] 21.5, SF; 49.3, SD 19.8, LF) and highest (more positive) for the Interpersonal Conflict factor (87.7, SD 18.1, for both SF and LF).
We developed a reliable and valid survey to evaluate teamwork between EMT partners.
我们旨在开发一种可靠且有效的工具，用于测量紧急医疗技术员（EMT）伙伴之间的团队合作。
我们改编了现有的量表并开发了新的项目来衡量团队合作的各个组成部分。在招募了 39 个机构的便利样本后，我们测试了一个包含 122 个项目的草案调查工具（EMT-TEAMWORK）。我们进行了一系列探索性因素分析（EFAs）和验证性因素分析（CFAs），以测试可靠性和构念效度，使用描述性统计描述了域和总体分数的变化。
我们收到了 687 份完整的调查问卷。EFAs 确定了一个九因素解决方案。我们将这些因素标记为 1）团队导向，2）团队结构和领导力，3）伙伴沟通、团队支持和监控，4）伙伴信任和共享心理模型，5）伙伴适应性和备用行为，6）过程冲突，7）强烈的任务冲突，8）温和的任务冲突，和 9）人际冲突。我们测试了一个短式（30 项）和长式（45 项）版本。CFAs 确定，短式和长式都具有可靠性和构念效度的积极心理测量特性。EMT-TEAMWORK-SF 具有积极的内部一致性特性，在所有九个因素中，平均 Cronbach's alpha 系数≥0.70（平均值=0.84；最小值=0.78，最大值=0.94）。EMT-TEAMWORK-LF 的平均 Cronbach's alpha 系数为 0.87（最小值=0.79，最大值=0.94）。在短式和长式的九个因素和总体得分中，加权分数差异很大。平均值最低的是团队导向因素（48.1，标准差 [SD] 21.5，短式；49.3，SD 19.8，长式），而最高（更积极）的是人际冲突因素（短式和长式均为 87.7，SD 18.1）。
我们开发了一种可靠且有效的调查工具，用于评估 EMT 伙伴之间的团队合作。
