School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
J Nutr Biochem. 2012 Sep;23(9):1128-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.06.006. Epub 2011 Dec 1.
Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with reduced incidence in thrombotic events. In addition, administration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been shown to rectify elevated platelet microparticle (MP) number and procoagulant activity in post myocardial infarction patients. However, it is unknown whether supplementation can alter these parameters in healthy individuals and if such effects are immediate or require long-term supplementation. We have previously demonstrated a gender-specific effect of LCn-3PUFA supplementation on platelet aggregation in healthy human subjects. Here we extend these findings to include the acute effects of supplementation with EPA- or DHA-rich oils on circulating MP levels and activity in healthy subjects.
A placebo-controlled trial was conducted in healthy males and females (n=30). MP activity, MP levels and platelet aggregation were measured at 0 and 24 h postsupplementation with either a placebo or EPA- or DHA-rich oil.
Both EPA and DHA effectively reduced platelet aggregation at 24 h postsupplementation relative to placebo (-13.3%, P=.006 and -11.9%, P=.016, respectively), but only EPA reduced MP activity (-19.4%, P=.003). When grouped by gender, males showed a similar reduction in both platelet aggregation and MP activity (-20.5%, P=.008; -22%, P=.008) following EPA, while females showed significantly reduced platelet aggregation (-13.7%, P=.04) but not MP activity after DHA only.
EPA and DHA exert gender-dependent effects on platelet aggregation and platelet MP activity, but not on MP levels. With respect to thrombotic disease risk, males may benefit more from EPA supplementation.
ω-3 脂肪酸的饮食补充与血栓事件发生率的降低有关。此外，已证实 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的给药可纠正心肌梗死后患者血小板微颗粒（MP）数量和促凝活性的升高。然而，尚不清楚补充剂是否可以改变健康个体中的这些参数，以及这些影响是即时的还是需要长期补充。我们之前已经证明 LCn-3PUFA 补充对健康人体血小板聚集的性别特异性影响。在这里，我们将这些发现扩展到包括补充 EPA 或 DHA 丰富的油对健康受试者循环 MP 水平和活性的急性影响。
在健康男性和女性（n=30）中进行了安慰剂对照试验。在补充安慰剂或 EPA 或 DHA 丰富的油后 0 和 24 小时测量 MP 活性、MP 水平和血小板聚集。
与安慰剂相比，EPA 和 DHA 在 24 小时补充后均有效地降低了血小板聚集（分别减少 13.3%，P=.006 和减少 11.9%，P=.016），但只有 EPA 降低了 MP 活性（减少 19.4%，P=.003）。按性别分组时，男性在 EPA 后表现出血小板聚集和 MP 活性均相似的降低（-20.5%，P=.008；-22%，P=.008），而女性仅在 DHA 后显示出明显降低的血小板聚集（-13.7%，P=.04），但 MP 活性没有降低。
EPA 和 DHA 对血小板聚集和血小板 MP 活性具有性别依赖性影响，但对 MP 水平没有影响。就血栓性疾病风险而言，男性可能从 EPA 补充中获益更多。
