当地实施室内空气清洁政策是否会增加酒吧和餐馆周围的与酒精相关的犯罪？

Health Behavior & Health Promotion, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Avenue, Columbus OH 43210, USA.

Tob Control. 2013 Mar;22(2):113-7. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050010. Epub 2011 Dec 2.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate whether the adoption of a local clean indoor air (CIA) policy in St. Paul, Minnesota, was associated with changes in alcohol-related crimes outside on-premises alcohol-licensed businesses.

DESIGN

The enactment of a comprehensive CIA policy on 31 March 2006 was used as the intervention time point in an interrupted time-series analysis to assess changes in weekly crime frequency prior to the policy enactment compared with the period after the policy was established (n=261 weeks).

SETTING

St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.

SUBJECTS

On-premise alcohol-licensed business addresses were collected from St. Paul, Minnesota, for the period of January 2003 to December 2007, and geocoded. A 500-foot (152.4 m) buffer was drawn around each business.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Alcohol-related crime (ie, arrest) data were obtained from the St. Paul Police Department; crimes had been geocoded by the police department. They were aggregated by week to include only those crimes that occurred within the drawn buffer. Relevant types of crimes included serious (eg, aggravated assaults, homicide, robbery, rape and theft) and less serious (eg, lesser assault, fighting, noise violations, public drunkenness/lewdness or other liquor law violations) crimes.

RESULTS

Within a buffer of 500 foot of alcohol-licensed businesses, 23 978 serious alcohol-related crimes and 49 560 less serious alcohol-related crimes occurred over 5 years. Using interrupted time-series analyses to compare the weekly alcohol-related crime frequency in proximity with the bars and restaurants, we found no significant change in either type of crime associated with the local comprehensive CIA policy (p=0.13) after adjustment for seasonal differences and overall crime frequencies.

CONCLUSIONS

Evidence from this study suggests that alcohol-related crimes were not significantly affected by a local comprehensive CIA policy that banned smoking in public workplaces in St. Paul, Minnesota.

目的

评估明尼苏达州圣保罗市实施当地室内禁烟（CIA）政策是否与非酒类许可营业场所外与酒精相关的犯罪行为变化有关。

设计

采用 2006 年 3 月 31 日颁布的全面 CIA 政策作为干预时间点，通过中断时间序列分析评估政策颁布前与政策实施后（n=261 周）每周犯罪频率的变化。

地点

美国明尼苏达州圣保罗市。

对象

2003 年 1 月至 2007 年 12 月期间，从明尼苏达州圣保罗市收集了酒类许可营业场所的地址，并进行了地理编码。在每个营业场所周围绘制了一个 500 英尺（152.4 米）的缓冲区。

主要观察指标

酒精相关犯罪（即逮捕）数据来自圣保罗警察局；警方已对犯罪行为进行了地理编码。将犯罪行为按周进行汇总，只包括发生在绘制缓冲区内部的犯罪行为。相关犯罪类型包括严重（如严重攻击、杀人、抢劫、强奸和盗窃）和不那么严重的犯罪（如较轻的攻击、斗殴、噪音违规、公共醉酒/猥亵或其他酒类法律违规）。

结果

在距离酒类许可营业场所 500 英尺的缓冲区范围内，5 年内发生了 23978 起严重的酒精相关犯罪和 49560 起不那么严重的酒精相关犯罪。通过中断时间序列分析比较酒吧和餐馆附近的每周酒精相关犯罪频率，在调整季节性差异和总体犯罪频率后，我们发现当地全面 CIA 政策与任何一种犯罪类型均无显著关联（p=0.13）。