Institute for Social Research, Room 2341, University of Michigan, PO Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA.
J Sch Health. 2012 Jan;82(1):44-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00666.x.
This study explores sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) availability in US secondary school competitive venues during the first 3 years following the school wellness policy requirement (2007-2009). Furthermore, analyses examine associations with school policy and SSB availability.
Analyses use questionnaire data from 757 middle and 762 high schools in the nationally representative Youth, Education, and Society study to examine soda and non-soda SSB availability associations with school policy including (1) beverage bottling contracts and related incentives, (2) individuals/organizations responsible for decisions regarding beverages available in vending machines, and (3) school wellness policies and nutrition guidelines.
Non-soda SSBs made up the majority of SSBs in both middle and high schools. Soda was especially likely to be found in vending machines; non-soda SSBs were widely available across competitive venues. Access to soda decreased significantly over time; however, non-soda SSB access did not show a similar decrease. School policy allowing beverage supplier contractual involvement (bottling contract incentives and beverage supplier "say" in vending machine beverage choices) was related to increased SSB access. However, the existence of developed nutritional guidelines was associated with lower SSB availability.
Students had high access to SSBs across competitive school venues, with non-soda SSBs making up the majority of SSB beverage options. Efforts to reduce access to SSBs in US secondary schools should include a focus on reducing both soda and non-soda SSBs, reducing beverage supplier involvement in school beverage choices, and encouraging the development of targeted nutritional guidelines for all competitive venues.
本研究探讨了学校健康政策要求（2007-2009 年）实施后的头 3 年，美国中学竞技场地中含糖饮料（SSB）的供应情况。此外，分析还考察了与学校政策和 SSB 供应相关的因素。
利用全国代表性的“青年、教育和社会”研究中的 757 所中学和 762 所高中的问卷调查数据，考察了苏打水和非苏打 SSB 供应与学校政策之间的关联，这些政策包括（1）饮料装瓶合同和相关激励措施，（2）负责决定自动售货机中供应哪些饮料的个人/组织，以及（3）学校健康政策和营养指南。
非苏打 SSB 构成了中学和高中 SSB 的大部分。苏打水尤其可能出现在自动售货机中；非苏打 SSB 则在竞技场地中广泛供应。苏打水的供应在过去的时间里显著减少；然而，非苏打 SSB 的供应并没有出现类似的减少。允许饮料供应商参与合同的学校政策（装瓶合同激励和饮料供应商对自动售货机饮料选择的“发言权”）与 SSB 供应的增加有关。然而，制定营养指南的存在与 SSB 供应的减少有关。
学生在各个竞技场地都有很高的 SSB 摄入量，其中非苏打 SSB 占 SSB 饮料选择的大部分。为减少美国中学 SSB 的摄入量，应同时关注减少苏打水和非苏打 SSB 的供应，减少饮料供应商对学校饮料选择的参与，并鼓励为所有竞技场地制定有针对性的营养指南。
