Bleich Sara N, Wolfson Julia A
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 May;23(5):1039-46. doi: 10.1002/oby.21050.
To describe national trends in discretionary calories from sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) and snacks by age-specific body weight categories and by age- and weight-specific race/ethnicity groups. Examining these subpopulations is important as population averages may mask important differences.
24-hour dietary recall data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010 among children aged 2 to 19 (N = 14,092) were used. Logistic and linear regression methods were used to adjust for multiple covariates and survey design.
The number of calories from SSBs declined significantly for nearly all age-specific body weight groups. Among overweight or obese children, significant declines in the number of calories from SSBs were observed among Hispanic children aged 2 to 5 (117 vs. 174 kcal) and white adolescents aged 12 to 19 (299 vs. 365 kcal). Significant declines in the number of calories from salty snacks were observed among white children aged 2 to 5 (192 to 134 kcal) and 6 to 11 (273 vs. 200 kcal).
The decrease in SSB consumption and increase in snack consumption observed in prior research are not uniform when children are examined within subgroups accounting for age, weight, and race/ethnicity.
按特定年龄体重类别以及按年龄和体重特定的种族/族裔群体描述来自含糖饮料（SSB）和零食的 discretionary 卡路里的全国趋势。由于总体平均值可能掩盖重要差异，因此对这些亚人群进行研究很重要。
使用了2003 - 2010年全国健康与营养检查调查中2至19岁儿童（N = 14,092）的24小时饮食回忆数据。使用逻辑回归和线性回归方法对多个协变量和调查设计进行调整。
几乎所有特定年龄体重组来自含糖饮料的卡路里数量均显著下降。在超重或肥胖儿童中，2至5岁的西班牙裔儿童（117千卡对174千卡）和12至19岁的白人青少年（299千卡对365千卡）中观察到来自含糖饮料的卡路里数量显著下降。2至5岁（192千卡至134千卡）和6至11岁（273千卡对200千卡）的白人儿童中观察到来自咸味零食的卡路里数量显著下降。
在按年龄、体重和种族/族裔划分的亚组中对儿童进行检查时，先前研究中观察到的含糖饮料消费减少和零食消费增加并非一致。
