DeDe Gayle
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, 1131 East 2nd Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
J Psycholinguist Res. 2012 Oct;41(5):387-408. doi: 10.1007/s10936-011-9191-1.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether and when individuals with aphasia and healthy controls use lexical and prosodic information during on-line sentence comprehension. Individuals with aphasia and controls (n = 12 per group) participated in a self-paced listening experiment. The stimuli were early closure sentences, such as "While the parents watched(,) the child sang a song." Both lexical and prosodic cues were manipulated. The cues were biased toward the subject- or object- of the ambiguous noun phrase (the child). Thus, there were two congruous conditions (in which both lexical cues and prosodic cues were consistent) and two incongruous conditions (in which lexical and prosodic cues conflicted). The results showed that the people with aphasia had longer listening times for the ambiguous noun phrase (the child) when the cues were conflicting, rather than consistent. The controls showed effects earlier in the sentence, at the subordinate verb (watched or danced). Both groups showed evidence of reanalysis at the main verb (sang). These effects demonstrate that the aphasic group was sensitive to the lexical and prosodic cues, but used them on a delayed time course relative to the control group.
本研究的目的是确定失语症患者和健康对照组在在线句子理解过程中是否以及何时使用词汇和韵律信息。失语症患者和对照组（每组n = 12）参与了一项自定节奏的听力实验。刺激材料是早期闭合句，例如“当父母观看时（，）孩子唱了一首歌”。词汇和韵律线索均受到操控。这些线索偏向于歧义名词短语（孩子）的主语或宾语。因此，存在两种一致条件（词汇线索和韵律线索均一致）和两种不一致条件（词汇和韵律线索相互冲突）。结果表明，当线索相互冲突而非一致时，失语症患者对歧义名词短语（孩子）的听力时间更长。对照组在句子中更早地出现了影响，即在从属动词（观看或跳舞）处。两组在主要动词（唱歌）处均表现出重新分析的迹象。这些结果表明，失语症组对词汇和韵律线索敏感，但相对于对照组，他们在延迟的时间进程中使用这些线索。
