经济衰退对赌博支出的影响。
The effect of recessions on gambling expenditures.
机构信息
Department of Strategy and Marketing, Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9108, 6500 HK, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
J Gambl Stud. 2012 Dec;28(4):703-17. doi: 10.1007/s10899-011-9282-9.
This article examines the influence of the business cycle on expenditures of three major types of legalized gambling activities: Casino gambling, lottery, and pari-mutuel wagering. Empirical results are obtained using monthly aggregated US per capita consumption time series for the period 1959.01-2010.08. Among the three gambling activities only lottery consumption appears to be recession-proof. This series is characterized by a vast and solid growth that exceeds the growth in income and the growth in other gambling sectors. Casino gambling expenditures show a positive growth during expansions and no growth during recessions. Hence, the loss in income during recessions affects casino gambling. However, income shocks which are not directly related to the business cycle do not influence casino gambling expenditures. Pari-mutuel wagering displays an overall negative trend and its average growth rate is smaller than the growth in income, especially during recessions. The findings of this article provide important implications for the gambling industry and for local governments.
本文考察了商业周期对三种主要合法化赌博活动支出的影响
赌场赌博、彩票和赛马投注。使用 1959.01-2010.08 期间美国每月人均消费时间序列的实证结果。在这三种赌博活动中，只有彩票消费似乎具有抗衰退性。该系列呈现出庞大而坚实的增长，超过了收入增长和其他赌博行业的增长。赌场赌博支出在扩张期间呈正增长，在衰退期间没有增长。因此，衰退期间的收入损失会影响赌场赌博。然而，与商业周期无关的收入冲击不会影响赌场赌博支出。赛马投注呈现出总体负趋势，其平均增长率小于收入增长率，尤其是在衰退期间。本文的研究结果为赌博业和地方政府提供了重要启示。
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