Bruzzese Jean-Marie, Stepney Cesalie, Fiorino Elizabeth K, Bornstein Lea, Wang Jing, Petkova Eva, Evans David
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Child Study Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
J Asthma. 2012 Feb;49(1):90-7. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2011.637595. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
Youth as young as 11 are given responsibility to manage their asthma. Yet, little is known regarding early adolescents' asthma self-management behaviors. This study characterizes urban early adolescents' asthma self-management behaviors and perceived responsibility to manage asthma, exploring demographic differences and examining the relationship between asthma responsibility and disease management.
About 317 Hispanic and African American/Black early adolescents (mean age = 12.71) with persistent, uncontrolled asthma reported prevention and symptom management steps, and responsibility for asthma care. We used Poisson, cumulative logistic, logistic, and linear mixed-effects regression models to assess the relationships among demographic predictors, prevention and management behaviors, and responsibility for asthma care.
Fifty percent took 7-9 prevention steps; few saw physicians when asymptomatic or took daily medication. When symptomatic, 92% used medication to treat symptoms and 56% sought medical attention. Controlling for asthma responsibility, fewer older youth reported observing how they feel when asthma is likely to start, observing symptom changes, or asking for help. More boys reported taking medication daily or upon trigger exposure. Controlling for age, gender, and race/ethnicity, those reporting more asthma responsibility were less likely to report taking management steps, seeking preventive care, asking for help, or going to a doctor/hospital for their asthma.
Early adolescents' asthma self-management is suboptimal. With increasing age, they are less observant regarding their asthma and less likely to seek help. Although they perceive themselves to have greater responsibility for managing their asthma, early adolescents do less to care for their asthma, suggesting they are being given responsibility for asthma care prematurely.
年仅11岁的青少年便开始负责管理自己的哮喘。然而，对于青少年早期的哮喘自我管理行为，我们知之甚少。本研究描述了城市青少年早期的哮喘自我管理行为以及对哮喘管理的感知责任，探讨了人口统计学差异，并研究了哮喘责任与疾病管理之间的关系。
约317名患有持续性、未得到控制的哮喘的西班牙裔和非裔美国/黑人青少年早期患者（平均年龄 = 12.71岁）报告了预防和症状管理步骤以及对哮喘护理的责任。我们使用泊松回归、累积逻辑回归、逻辑回归和线性混合效应回归模型来评估人口统计学预测因素、预防和管理行为以及哮喘护理责任之间的关系。
50%的人采取了7 - 9项预防措施；很少有人在无症状时看医生或每日服药。出现症状时，92%的人使用药物治疗症状，56%的人寻求医疗帮助。在控制哮喘责任的情况下，年龄较大的青少年中报告观察哮喘可能发作时自身感受、观察症状变化或寻求帮助的人较少。更多男孩报告每日服药或在接触触发因素后服药。在控制年龄、性别和种族/族裔因素后，那些报告对哮喘责任更大的人报告采取管理措施、寻求预防性护理、寻求帮助或因哮喘去看医生/医院的可能性较小。
青少年早期的哮喘自我管理并不理想。随着年龄增长，他们对哮喘的观察减少，寻求帮助的可能性降低。尽管他们认为自己对哮喘管理负有更大责任，但青少年早期在哮喘护理方面做得较少，这表明他们过早地被赋予了哮喘护理的责任。
