Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2012 Mar;31(2):156-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00395.x. Epub 2011 Dec 12.
The scientific evidence for low-risk drinking guidelines was examined in a narrative review focusing on three points: definition of exposure, the best way to select outcomes and risk relations and how to determine thresholds. With respect to exposure, at least two dimensions should be incorporated: average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of irregular heavy drinking occasions. Mortality should be selected as the most severe outcome, and a disaggregated approach should be adopted incorporating the regional demographic and cause of death structure. Finally, our plea is for establishing a general threshold for acceptable risk on a societal level rather than ad hoc specific committees setting norms for specific risks. Acceptable thresholds will be different if the risk is to oneself or to others.
本文通过叙述性综述，针对低风险饮酒指南的科学证据，重点关注了三个方面：暴露定义、选择结局和风险关系的最佳方法以及如何确定阈值。就暴露而言，至少应包含两个维度：平均酒精摄入量和不规律豪饮模式。应选择死亡率作为最严重的结局，并采用分类方法，纳入区域人口统计学和死因结构。最后，我们呼吁在社会层面上建立一个可接受风险的通用阈值，而不是专门的特定委员会为特定风险制定规范。如果风险是针对自己还是他人，可接受的阈值将会有所不同。
