Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP/São Paulo - Brazil.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2011 Dec 12;8(1):86. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-86.
Evidence suggests that sleep loss is associated with an increased risk of obesity and diabetes; however, animal models have failed to produce weight gain under sleep deprivation (SD). Previous studies have suggested that this discrepancy could be due to more extreme SD conditions in experimental animals, their higher resting metabolic rate than that of humans, and the decreased opportunity for animals to ingest high-calorie foods. Thus, our objective was to determine whether diets with different textures/compositions could modify feeding behavior and affect the metabolic repercussions in SD in rats.
Three groups of male rats were used: one was designated as control, one was sleep deprived for 96 h by the platform technique (SD-96h) and one was SD-96h followed by a 24-h recovery (rebound). In the first experiment, the animals were fed chow pellets (CPs); in the second, they received high-fat diet and in the third, they were fed a liquid diet (LD).
We observed that SD induces energy deficits that were related to changes in feeding behavior and affected by the type of diet consumed. Regardless of the diet consumed, SD consistently increased animals' glucagon levels and decreased their leptin and triacylglycerol levels and liver glycogen stores. However, such changes were mostly avoided in the rats on the liquid diet. SD induces a wide range of metabolic and hormonal changes that are strongly linked to the severity of weight loss.
The LD, but not the CP or high-fat diets, favored energy intake, consequently lessening the energy deficit induced by SD.
有证据表明，睡眠不足与肥胖和糖尿病的风险增加有关；然而，动物模型未能在睡眠剥夺（SD）下产生体重增加。先前的研究表明，这种差异可能是由于实验动物的 SD 条件更加极端，其静息代谢率高于人类，以及动物摄入高热量食物的机会减少。因此，我们的目的是确定不同质地/成分的饮食是否可以改变进食行为并影响大鼠 SD 中的代谢后果。
使用三组雄性大鼠：一组被指定为对照组，一组通过平台技术（SD-96h）剥夺睡眠 96 小时，一组 SD-96h 后进行 24 小时恢复（反弹）。在第一个实验中，动物喂食标准颗粒饲料（CPs）；在第二个实验中，它们接受高脂肪饮食，在第三个实验中，它们喂食液体饮食（LD）。
我们观察到 SD 会导致能量不足，这与进食行为的变化有关，并受到所消耗饮食类型的影响。无论消耗何种饮食，SD 都会持续增加动物的胰高血糖素水平，降低其瘦素和三酰甘油水平以及肝糖原储存。然而，这些变化在食用液体饮食的大鼠中大多可以避免。SD 会引起广泛的代谢和激素变化，这些变化与体重减轻的严重程度密切相关。
LD 但不是 CPs 或高脂肪饮食，有利于能量摄入，从而减轻 SD 引起的能量不足。
