Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 40019, India.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2012 May;19(3):532-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.11.005. Epub 2011 Nov 20.
The degradation of an aqueous solution of dichlorvos, a commonly used pesticide in India, has been systematically investigated using hydrodynamic cavitation reactor. All the experiments have been carried out using a 20 ppm solution of commercially available dichlorvos. The effect of important operating parameters such as inlet pressure (over a range 3-6 bar), temperature (31 °C, 36 °C and 39 °C) and pH (natural pH = 5.7 and acidic pH = 3) on the extent of degradation has been investigated initially. It has been observed that an optimum value of pressure gives maximum degradation whereas low temperature and pH of 3 are favorable. Intensification studies have been carried out using different additives such as hydrogen peroxide, carbon tetrachloride, and Fenton's reagent. Use of hydrogen peroxide and carbon tetrachloride resulted in the enhancement of the extent of degradation at optimized conditions but significant enhancement was obtained with the combined use of hydrodynamic cavitation and Fenton's chemistry. The maximum extent of degradation as obtained by using a combination of hydrodynamic cavitation and Fenton's chemistry was 91.5% in 1h of treatment time. The present work has conclusively established that hydrodynamic cavitation in combination with Fenton's chemistry can be effectively used for the degradation of dichlorvos.
使用水力空化反应器系统地研究了在印度广泛使用的农药敌敌畏水溶液的降解情况。所有实验均使用市售敌敌畏 20ppm 的溶液进行。最初研究了重要操作参数（入口压力（3-6 巴范围内）、温度（31°C、36°C 和 39°C）和 pH 值（自然 pH 值=5.7 和酸性 pH 值=3）对降解程度的影响。观察到最佳压力值可实现最大降解，而低温和 pH 值为 3 则较为有利。使用不同的添加剂（例如过氧化氢、四氯化碳和芬顿试剂）进行了强化研究。在优化条件下，使用过氧化氢和四氯化碳可提高降解程度，但通过水力空化和芬顿化学的联合使用可获得显著提高。在 1 小时的处理时间内，使用水力空化和芬顿化学的组合可获得最大降解程度为 91.5%。本工作明确证明了水力空化与芬顿化学的结合可有效地用于敌敌畏的降解。
