与饮酒相关因素的性别差异：延迟折扣和对他人饮酒的感知。
Gender differences in factors associated with alcohol drinking: delay discounting and perception of others' drinking.
机构信息
Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
出版信息
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012 Jun 1;123(1-3):273-6. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.11.012. Epub 2011 Dec 10.
BACKGROUND
Excessive alcohol consumption in college students is associated with impulsivity and with overestimating levels of others' drinking; however, females' and males' drinking may be differently impacted by their overestimations. We examined whether moderate drinkers discount alcohol rewards differently from money rewards and whether their estimate of others' drinking is more closely associated with own-drinking for males than females.
METHOD
College students completed two delay discounting tasks in which they chose between money rewards and between alcohol rewards, varying in amount and delay to receipt. Participants also completed questionnaires about their own and others' drinking.
RESULTS
Area under the curve (AUC) relating delay to subjective value was smaller for alcohol than money rewards, implying steeper discounting of alcohol rewards. Regression analyses showed that females' number of drinks per sitting was related only to AUC for money, while males' drinks per sitting was related to their estimates of others' drinks.
CONCLUSION
The relationship between alcohol consumption and discounting was replicated. This study also indicated that social norms play a larger role in determining males' drinking than females'.
背景
大学生过度饮酒与冲动和高估他人饮酒量有关；然而，女性和男性的饮酒量可能会受到他们的高估的不同影响。我们研究了适度饮酒者是否会对酒精奖励和金钱奖励有不同的折扣，以及他们对他人饮酒的估计是否与男性比女性更密切相关。
方法
大学生完成了两个延迟折扣任务，在这两个任务中，他们可以在金钱奖励和酒精奖励之间进行选择，奖励的金额和获得奖励的时间延迟也不同。参与者还完成了关于自己和他人饮酒的问卷。
结果
与延迟相关的主观价值的曲线下面积（AUC）对于酒精奖励来说比金钱奖励更小，这意味着酒精奖励的折扣更为陡峭。回归分析表明，女性每次饮酒的数量仅与金钱的 AUC 相关，而男性每次饮酒的数量与他们对他人饮酒的估计有关。
结论
饮酒和折扣之间的关系得到了复制。本研究还表明，社会规范在决定男性饮酒量方面比女性更为重要。
Zotero 插件