The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia.
J Hypertens. 2011 Dec;29 Suppl 1:S3-7. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000410246.59221.b1.
Raised blood pressure (BP) is responsible for 7.6 million deaths per annum worldwide (13.5% of the total), more than any other risk factors. Around 54% of stroke and 47% of coronary heart disease are attributable to high BP. Over 80% of this burden occurs in low and middle income countries (LMIC). BP and cardiovascular mortality are rising rapidly in LMIC. Although age-specific BP and cardiovascular mortality are falling in developed nations, the overall number of cardiovascular death continues to rise in accord with the rapid aging of societies. Because of the continuous relationship between BP and cardiovascular deaths down to 115/75 mmHg, BP-related disease also contributes to cardiovascular death among people below the hypertensive threshold of 140/90 mmHg. Hypertension remains "the silent killer". Reductions in the burden of BP-related death require the parallel application of the population strategy at community level and the clinical strategy focusing on new and improved treatments for people with hypertension.
全球每年有 760 万人因高血压（BP）而死亡（占总死亡人数的 13.5%），其死亡人数超过其他任何危险因素。大约 54%的中风和 47%的冠心病可归因于高血压。超过 80%的负担发生在低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）。在 LMIC，血压和心血管死亡率正在迅速上升。尽管发达国家的年龄特异性血压和心血管死亡率正在下降，但随着社会的快速老龄化，心血管死亡总数仍在继续上升。由于 BP 与心血管死亡之间存在持续的关系，直至 115/75mmHg，因此与 BP 相关的疾病也会导致血压低于 140/90mmHg 的高血压阈值的人群发生心血管死亡。高血压仍然是“无声杀手”。要降低与 BP 相关的死亡负担，需要在社区层面实施人口策略，并在临床层面专注于针对高血压患者的新的和改进的治疗方法。
