Proksch E, Weidinger S
Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Univ.-Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Deutschland.
Hautarzt. 2011 Dec;62(12):900-5. doi: 10.1007/s00105-011-2209-7.
Many persons in the developed countries report sensitive skin. Persons with sensitive skin have a predisposition to several skin diseases, most importantly dry skin, but also atopy, seborrheic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, rosacea, and perioral dermatitis. Their complaints may be triggered by environmental factors such as low temperature, wind, high temperature, sun exposure and stress. Various skin care products and cosmetics are not tolerated. A disturbed skin barrier function and reduced stratum corneum water content are most important in the pathophysiology of sensitive skin. Environmental factors and cosmetics may induce irritation of the skin because of the disturbed skin barrier. Of further importance for the pathogenesis are neurogenic factors including stress and hyper-excitability. Mechanisms in signal transduction involve cytokines and neurotransmitters, but the exact pathways are unknown.
发达国家有许多人报告称自己是敏感性皮肤。敏感性皮肤的人易患多种皮肤病，其中最重要的是干性皮肤，还有特应性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、寻常痤疮、酒渣鼻和口周皮炎。他们的症状可能由低温、风、高温、日晒和压力等环境因素引发。各种护肤品和化妆品都无法耐受。皮肤屏障功能紊乱和角质层含水量降低在敏感性皮肤的病理生理学中最为重要。由于皮肤屏障紊乱，环境因素和化妆品可能会引起皮肤刺激。对发病机制同样重要的是包括压力和过度兴奋性在内的神经源性因素。信号转导机制涉及细胞因子和神经递质，但确切途径尚不清楚。
